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  • Free music program keeps traditions alive in 'Folk Music Capital of the World'

    Free music lessons offered in Mountain View, Ark., are sustaining the folk music tradition ingrained in the town's history. NBC's Chelsea Clinton reports.

    By Craig Stanley, NBC News

    MOUNTAIN VIEW, Ark. – Even at two years old, Clancey Ferguson knew one day she wanted to become a country music star.

    “She saw the fiddler from the Dixie Chicks on the Country Music Awards and she fell hard,” remembered Clancey’s mother, Babbie Ferguson. “She said, ‘I want to do that!’”

    Watch the story tonight on "NBC Nightly News"

    At five, Clancey convinced her mother to sign her up for classical violin training and at nine, Clancey finally picked up a fiddle. At the time, her hometown of Pine Bluff, Ark., afforded her few opportunities to master the faster-paced style so often found in folk music.

    Undeterred, Clancey and her mother packed up and moved three and a half hours north to Mountain View, Ark.: the “Folk Music Capitol of the World.”


    An ‘awe-inspiring’ experience

     

     Soon after settling in Mountain View, Clancey found a fiddle instructor and discovered Music Roots – a music education program that teaches 4th through 8th graders the fundamentals of folk music. Kids are given free instruments such as banjos, autoharps and mandolins, along with weekly lessons on how to play them. Locally home-schooled children -- like Clancey -- are also invited to participate at the school sessions.

    The program’s advanced students are generally invited to join the ensemble group, which takes their folk music training to the next level by performing at local venues and recording CDs.

    Clancey thrived in Music Roots and was asked by her instructor to help assist with teaching the other students. As she and her mother hoped, Mountain View was cultivating her musical talent. Unexpectedly, it was also nurturing her young soul.

    “It was an awe-inspiring experience, seeing everybody playing music and being so welcoming,” Clancey said of Music Roots. “Helping the kids and seeing people opening their hearts and homes and their talents up to help me.”

    A musical tradition begins

    Settlers first took root in Mountain View after the Civil War, bringing with them the rich acoustic folk music that reverberates within the region today. Day and night, townspeople of all ages congregate on porches and in grass lots where they “pick and grin” until bedtime.

    Danny Thomas, a former school superintendent, started the “Music Roots” program in the 1990s to pass down the town’s treasured historical legacy, preserved in the musical traditions of their ancestors.

    Children at the Ozark Folk Center play fiddles, guitars and banjos preserving a rich musical heritage.  Here they play "seven and a half" a tune that has been around as long as anyone can remember, but whose author is unknown.

    "Our forefathers who lived in this isolated, remote area in the mountains made a lot of sacrifices to make life better for their children," Thomas said. "A lot of the stories that took place here are told in the songs and the music.”

    In the 1960s, Thomas and his neighbors met regularly at the courthouse in the epicenter of Mountain View where they’d jam into the night, echoing the heartfelt acoustic melodies of their forefathers and improvising new ones. Music was embedded in the town’s culture, fueling the preservation of its rich history while solidifying the town’s unique communal bond that has lasted more than a century.

    "The kids and the old-timers, we knew the same songs, we played the same instruments, we had a good time together," Thomas said.

    'Every child is motivated by something different'

    Music Roots, a joint effort of the Mountain View Public School System and the Ozark Folk Center State Park, is supported in part by grant funding, but largely by the hospitality of the town’s residents.

    Shay and Scott Pool own the music store on the town square, where they fix students’ broken instruments for free. And when time permits, they build new instruments from scratch.  Shay teaches Music Roots in the school once a week and provides two additional days of free lessons at her store for those interested – a conditional gesture.

    “I'll say, 'here's your song for the week, go home and learn it,’” Shay said. "'If you don't learn it when you come back next week, you owe me for the lesson.' But if they learn it, then they don’t have to pay me for the lessons."

    More than 1000 kids have matriculated at Music Roots since its inception, and everyone has completed the program at varying levels of mastery. The Pool’s son Lukas, an alumna of Music Roots, earned a full scholarship to attend the prestigious Berklee College of Music in Boston.

    The Cobb brothers, also program alumni, have made a name for themselves on the Bluegrass circuit -- along with Clancey, who has begun to live out her dream, too.  Now 14 years old, she tours across the country with her band “Clancey and the Ragtags,” whom she found in Mountain View. Sometimes she also performs as a solo act.

    "Every child is motivated by something different," Shay said. "Some are motivated by just the joy of playing. And others are motivated by a possible performance – or, down the road, instead of working in a local food joint, they can play music and make money."

    Regardless of why kids choose to participate, Thomas said he’s glad Music Roots is keeping the community’s legacy alive among those poised to carry Mountain View into the future.

    “It makes me feel good that [the young people] haven't forgotten their heritage," Thomas said. "And that they know that people before them had some wonderful things to tell in their music."

    To learn more about Music Roots, please visit the website http://www.ofcmusicroots.com/

     

     

  • Putin signs law banning American adoptions

    Those already undergoing the costly process of adopting a child from Russia found out Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a law barring any future adoptions, canceling the ones in progress. NBC's Kerry Sanders reports.

    President Vladimir Putin signed a law on Friday that bans Americans from adopting Russian children and imposes other measures in retaliation for new U.S. legislation meant to punish Russian human rights abusers.

    The law, which has ignited outrage among Russian liberals and children's rights advocates, enters into force on Jan. 1 and is likely to strain U.S.-Russia relations.


    As well as banning U.S. adoptions, it will also outlaw some non-governmental organizations that receive U.S. funding and impose a visa ban and asset freeze on Americans accused of violating the rights of Russians abroad.

    The law could block dozens of Russian children expected to be adopted by American families from leaving the country and cut off one of the main international routes for Russian children to leave orphanages that are often dismal. Russia is the single biggest source of adopted children in the United States, with more than 60,000 Russian children being taken in by Americans over the past two decades.

    The bill is retaliation for an American law that calls for sanctions against Russians deemed to be human rights violators and part of an increasingly confrontational stance by the Kremlin against the West.

    Related: Americans may lose right to adopt Russian children


    Putin said U.S. authorities routinely let Americans suspected of violence toward Russian adoptees go unpunished — a clear reference to Dima Yakovlev, a Russian toddler for whom the bill is named. The child was adopted by Americans and then died in 2008 after his father left him in a car in broiling heat for hours. The father was found not guilty of involuntary manslaughter.

    Children's rights ombudsman Pavel Astakhov on Wednesday said that 46 children who were about to be adopted in the United States would remain in Russia if the bill came into effect. On Thursday, he petitioned the president to extend the ban to other countries.

    Courtesy Thomas family

    John and Renee Thomas with their son, Jack, 7, who was adopted from Russia at the age of 3. Jack is hoping for his brother, Nikoly, now in a Russian orphanage, to join him in the United States.

    Would-be adoptive parents in the United States are left hanging by Putin's signing of the bill, which was passed by Russian lawmakers last week.

    Among them are John and Renee Thomas of Minnetonka, Minn., Kari Huus of NBC News reported. The Thomases have already adopted Jack, 7, from Russia. When they found out he had a little brother, they began the process to try to adopt him, too. The wait has stretched to four years, and now the adoption may be in danger. 

    "When Jack is asked about his family, he talks about his brother," John Thomas said. "He always asks, 'When is he coming home?' We just tell him we’re waiting for the call."

    More: Adoption of little brother caught in US-Russia spat

    UNICEF estimates that there are about 740,000 children without parental custody in Russia, while only 18,000 Russians are now waiting to adopt a child.

    Russian President Vladamir Putin has said he'll sign a proposed law that would halt adoptions of Russian children to Americans. NBC's Duncan Golestani reports.

    The U.S. State Department on Thursday repeated its opposition to the Russian measure.

    "The welfare of children is simply too important to tie to the political aspects of our relationship," State Department spokesman Patrick Ventrell said. "Additionally, we are deeply troubled by the provisions in the bill that would restrict the ability of Russian civil society organizations to work with American partners."  

    Critics of the bill left dozens of stuffed toys and candles outside the parliament's lower and upper houses to express solidarity with Russian orphans. 

    An online petition urging the Kremlin to scrap the bill garnered more than 100,000 Russian signatures. 

    The Associated Press contributed to this report.

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  • Faced with gun-toting drug smugglers, Arizona ranchers demand security at the border

    Wave after wave of Mexican drug and immigrant smugglers are crossing into the U.S., passing through the Arizona border where nearby ranchers say they feel unprotected by their own government. NBC's Mark Potter reports.

    By Mark Potter, NBC News correspondent

    ARIVACA, Ariz. --  Just before nightfall, 73-year-old rancher Jim Chilton hikes quickly up and down the hills on his rugged cattle-grazing land south of Tucson, escorting two U.S. Border Patrol agents.  

    He wants to show them the disturbing discovery he made earlier in the day: a drug-smugglers' camp on his private property.  Stacked together under a stand of trees are blankets, jackets, food, water, binoculars and bales of marijuana from Mexico wrapped in burlap. The smugglers, themselves, are nowhere in sight and are believed to have fled the area, which is about 10 miles north of the Mexican border.

    Rancher Jim Chilton shows what's left of a drug smugglers camp on his ranch.

    "The druggers outrageously use my land at will," said Chilton, who frequently finds evidence of smugglers on his land -- well-worn trails, cut fences, discarded water bottles, clothing and shoes. His home has been burglarized twice and he is constantly on the lookout for armed smuggling groups while he and his employees round up cows on his remote land.

    "Can you imagine riding your horse through here on your own land and running into a guy with an AK-47 and 20 or 30 guys behind him dressed in camouflage and carrying drugs?," he asked.

    Hidden cameras in southern Arizona captured footage of armed drug smugglers in 2012.

    Like living ‘in a no-man’s land’

    The land where Chilton raises his cattle covers 50,000 acres south of the small town of Arivaca, Ariz.  About five miles of his property runs along the international border, where all that separates Mexico from the United States in most areas there is a four-strand barbed-wire fence. Chilton owns some of the land outright, but leases most it from the state and federal governments for cattle grazing.

    Mark Potter / NBC News

    Ranchers Jim and Sue Chilton in Arivaca, Ariz., say drug smugglers use their land frequently, and their home has been burglarized twice.

    He and his wife, Sue Chilton, complain they feel caught in the middle between the Mexican drug and immigrant smugglers and the United States Border Patrol, which the Chiltons and other ranchers accuse of concentrating most of its patrols and checkpoints miles north of the border, far beyond where the ranchers live and work.

    "It's like living in a no-man's land. The Border Patrol doesn't really protect us, they try to arrest people north of us," said Chilton.  "I think the druggers should be stopped at the United States border. They shouldn't be allowed into this country. The Border Patrol should secure the border at the border."

    Ranchers Jim and Sue Chilton live on the U.S.-Mexico border where drug smugglers constantly walk across their property.

    Jeffrey Self, who heads the U.S. Customs and Border Protection joint field command in Arizona, said it is not fair to characterize the area as a "no-man's land."  He conceded, though, that Arizona ranchers are correct when they report Mexican drug and immigrant smugglers crossing their land.

    "Yes, there is traffic out on those ranch lands. Communities continue to be impacted to a certain extent,” he said.  “But you can't discount the fact that gains have been made over the course of the last few years.”

    Jeffrey Self, head of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection joint field command in Arizona, says a lot of gains have been made at border protection, but acknowledges more is needed.

    With 5,500 Border Patrol agents assigned to Arizona, double the amount stationed there in 2004, Self argued that much more territory is being patrolled now than in the past.  And he said daily surveillance flights and advances in camera and sensor technology have also helped dramatically reduce the number of illegal border crossings. 

    "If you look back to 2000…there were 610,000 aliens arrested in Arizona,’ Self said.  “Just look at last year, we came in at 119,000." 

    Over the past decade, however, there has been a dramatic rise in the amount of illegal drugs smuggled from Mexico into Arizona.  The Border Patrol there seized about one million pounds of marijuana during each of the last several years -- about four times the amount seized in 2000. Other illicit drugs, such as heroin and meth, are also entering Arizona in greater quantities than ever before.

    ‘He came out screaming’

    For neighboring rancher David Beckham the problem is even more severe.  Earlier this year he made the painful decision to move himself, his wife and three boys away from their ranch, which sits about 12 miles north of the Mexican border.

    Arizona rancher David Beckham says drug smugglers crossing his land forced him to move his family.

    "It's not safe, it’s not safe for my kids," he said.  The Beckhams have had numerous run-ins on their land with Mexican smugglers.

    Their cattle fences are frequently cut and paths heading north from Mexico cross their property.  Beckham says a smuggler even fired shots at him while he walked his land with a U.S. Border Patrol agent.  Several illegal border crossers have also approached his house at night--one even reaching his hand into their bathroom window.

    "Several years ago, one of my children was taking a shower and had a gentleman reach into the shower while he was in there, and he came out screaming, absolutely refusing to take a shower for the next couple months."

    The Beckhams, like the Chiltons, scoff at the Obama administration’s claims the U.S.-Mexican border is safer than ever. 

    "It's a joke, they can believe what they want. They can live in candy land," said Beckham. "You can't have a safe and secure country without a safe and secure border, and we don't have it. We don't."

    Sue Chilton says she believes a U.S. government decision to not to heavily patrol right along the border is, in effect, creating a free-access zone for Mexican smugglers.

    "We have, without any reason or logic to it, decided to cede as much as 15 or 20 miles of the United States to the cartels, and we live in that section that has been ceded," she said.  "They have lookouts in the mountains within a mile of our house."

    Several advocacy groups concerned about border security have placed motion-activated hidden cameras near the Chilton's ranch and elsewhere in southern Arizona.  Their videos, many of them shot recently, confirm the ranchers' complaints, revealing wave after wave of drug and immigrant smuggling groups, sometimes heavily armed, crossing U.S. land miles north of the Mexican border. 

    "First, it's a threat to our life," said Chilton. "Second, it's a threat to our livelihood."

    Border Patrol: agents more thorough than ever

    As to the complaint the Border Patrol places most of its patrols and checkpoints miles north of the border fence, Jeffrey Self of the Customs and Border Protection’s joint field command in Arizona said agents are assigned where they will be most effective in apprehending smugglers and illegal immigrants. 

    "I would get less out of putting those agents on the line than having them operate those checkpoints," He said.  

    Still, many agents do patrol the border fence, he said, and are "in and around those ranchers every day, 365 days a year."  Serious problems stemming from distance and budgets, however, do hamper some daily Border Patrol operations.  Agents stationed in Tucson have to drive as many as two hours a day just to reach parts of the remote and rugged border.  And a spokesperson confirmed that a Border Patrol FOB (Forward Operating Base), built west of the Chilton ranch, is currently unmanned because there isn't enough money to pay agents' overtime fees. The FOB was built to house agents day and night right at the border near Sasabe, Ariz., and to reduce the current drive times.  

    Nevertheless, Self said, his agents are doing a better, more thorough job than ever. 

    "Is there still traffic coming across [ranchers’] property?  Absolutely.  Do we want them to feel safe in their homes?  Absolutely.  We're going to work toward that effort."

    Drug smugglers move through Arizona in this footage captured by hidden cameras in 2012.

    Ranchers describe smugglers as ‘desperate’

    The Chiltons, Beckhams and other ranchers in southern Arizona give high marks to the Border Patrol agents, themselves, respecting the dangerous work they do and appreciating their willingness to help property owners in need. 

    The complaint they have is with where those agents are assigned.  The ranchers also believe, as do many of the agents, themselves, that smugglers crossing the border now are more heavily armed and confrontational than in years past.

    "They seem to be a lot more desperate.  The people coming across now are different, they are not friendly," said Beckham.

    Surveying her ranchland, Sue Chilton described what happens when smugglers walk close to their house at night:  "We turn out the lights, Jim gets his guns and we sit somewhere in the dark in the middle of the house where we are not close to our window and wait for the action to be finished."

    Her husband, Jim, who comes from several generations of ranchers, said he has never seen the border as dangerous as it is now.

    "It's outrageous. I'm a citizen of the United States.  I expect to be protected like everybody else," he said.  "The border is not secure, it is worse than it's ever been."

     

     

     

  • George H.W. Bush in 'guarded condition' in intensive care, battling elevated fever, spokesman says

    Former President George H.W. Bush is currently in the intensive care unit where his doctors have prescribed him a liquid-only diet. NBC's Natalie Morales reports.

    Updated at 7:08 p.m. ET: Former President George H.W. Bush was battling an elevated fever Wednesday and was in "guarded condition" in a hospital intensive care unit, a family spokesman said.


     "The President is alert and conversing with medical staff, and is surrounded by family," said a statement from family spokesman Jim McGrath. Bush, 88, was moved to the intensive care unit at The Methodist Hospital at the Texas Medical Center in Houston on Sunday, McGrath said. 

    Bush has been in the hospital since Nov. 29 for treatment of complications related to bronchitis. After initial expectations that he would be hospitalized for only a few days proved to be wrong, doctors said through a hospital statement on Dec. 13 that they expected Bush would "be able to celebrate Christmas at home."

    But the 41st president remained at The Methodist Hospital -- where he was visited on Christmas by his wife, Barbara, his son, Neil, Neil's wife, and his grandson, Pierce -- all of whom brought him a meal of Chinese food for Christmas dinner, The Houston Chronicle reported.


    He also received gifts, emails, and telephone calls from family members and close friends, NBC's Janet Shamlian reported.

    On Wednesday, McGrath told NBC News that the former president's fever was elevated from the previous day, although he said that he did not know by how much. Earlier, McCrath had said that doctors saw a "slight improvement" in Bush's condition that morning.

    McGrath said that Dorothy Bush, his daughter, visited Wednesday, and George W. Bush, the 43rd president, would be visiting soon.

    Bronchitis is a common condition in which the bronchial tubes in the lungs become inflamed and produce mucus, which creates the need to cough, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It can turn serious in people with weak immune systems, including children and the elderly. Symptoms such as chest pain, weakness and coughing typically last two weeks, but can linger for as long as two months. 

    In the weeks since he was admitted, Bush has had a low-grade fever, but doctors have said they are "cautiously optimistic" he will recover, Shamlian reported.

    George Kovacik, a hospital spokesman, said in a statement earlier this week that Bush was in stable condition. 

    “His doctors feel he should build up his energy before going home. They remain optimistic about his full recovery and are being extra cautious with his care,” the statement said.

    Robert Sullivan / AFP - Getty Images

    Leader of an American political dynasty, George Bush's influence was felt beyond his terms as president and vice president. Take a look back at his life and career.

    Bush was elected president of the United States in 1988, the capstone of a long career of public service.

    He was a Texas Republican member of the House of Representatives in the 1960s and 1970s and head of the CIA in 1976-1977. The organization’s headquarters in Langley, Va., was later renamed the “George Bush Center for Intelligence.”

    Bush lost his first bid for the Republican nomination for the U.S. presidency in 1980, at which time Ronald Reagan chose him to be his running mate. He went on to serve two terms as Reagan’s vice president before winning the presidency. He was defeated for re-election in 1992 by Bill Clinton.

    In late 2004, Bush teamed up with Clinton to raise money for the victims of the Asian tsunami. That effort was so successful, the two former presidents did the same for Katrina victims in 2005. 

    President George H.W. Bush remains in the hospital. NBC News' Janet Shamlian reports.

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  • Warm glow of Berlin's 'beautiful' gas streetlights set to fade

    Most of Berlin's gaslights, those distinctive street jewels that have spread a gentle golden glow for more than a century-and-a-half, are set to be removed. NBC's Andy Eckardt reports

    BERLIN — As a capital city, Berlin has endured more than its fair share of division over the years. Now new battle lines are being drawn over what some see as a fight for the city's character.

    The conflict began when City Hall announced its intention to phase out the vast majority of Berlin's historic gas lamps as part of an ambitious project to make the city carbon-neutral by 2050.

    With nearly 43,000 gas-powered streetlights, Berlin has more than any other city in the world. In fact, more than one in six in the city are gas.


    Some date back to the 19th century; others were erected immediately after World War II as the occupying Soviet forces made restoring light to the devastated city a priority.

    In recent years, guided tours have been run to picturesque areas, with sightseers attracted by the distinctive warm, yellowish glow of gas lamps.

    Pollution, expense
    Think Beacon Hill in Boston or San Diego's Gaslamp Quarter — but on a much larger scale — and cue the outrage.

    But with annual running costs for fuel and maintenance as much as $700 for some lamp models, and carbon dioxide emissions almost ten times that of an equivalent electric light, there are now strong financial and environmental incentives to replace gas with electric alternatives.

    Pete Jeary/NBC News

    With nearly 43,000 gas-powered street lamps, Berlin has more than any other town or city in the world.

    The city's current modernization program (link in German) will see 8,000 highway lamps, mostly dating from the early 1950s, replaced with new electric lights.

    City authorities say the figures speak for themselves.

     The energy used by those 8,000 gas lamps could power 100,000 electric lights. And replacing them would cut energy costs by 90 percent, reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 9,200 tons per year and save a chunk of the $1.6 million spent each year just on replacement gas mantles.

    Petra Rohland, spokeswoman for Berlin's Department of Urban Development, said the current refit would be complete by end of 2016 — and would recoup the cost within nine years.

    All but a few of the city's gas-powered lamps will eventually go.

    "Five percent of the historic gas lights, especially the candelabra, will be kept as originals in the future," Rohland said.

    'Knock down the Brandenburg Gate'
    It's a future that fills some Berliners like Paul Harrison with dread.

    Harrison is a member of a growing band of preservation societies who oppose the wholesale replacement of gas lights.

    He challenges the environmental and financial arguments put forward by the city to justify the changes.

    Futuristic highway glows in the dark, reports the weather 

    "If we're just talking about saving money, we could knock down the Brandenburg Gate," he said ironically. "After all, that costs a lot to keep going, to keep clean."

    Harrison's group, Gaslight Culture, is calling for the dismantling to be suspended - and for talks between all interested parties.

    Pete Jeary/NBC News

    Annual running costs for a gas-powered lamp can be as much as $700, and CO2 emissions almost ten times that of an equivalent electric light.

    "We haven't started to explore the possibilities, such as different forms of financing or even sponsorship of streets or districts," he said.

    Harrison deplored what he described as “the rejection of a working system.” And the replacement LEDs would be “prohibitively expensive” and “far from convincing” as alternatives.

    'A living light'
    Such rejection of new technology would be a disappointment to Andre Braun, who has spent years developing LED illumination that mimics the color of gas light (in German).

    For Braun, whose workshop is on the same site as the former Berlin gas plant where his father once worked, the search for the perfect replacement is nothing short of a crusade.

    Glowing plastic lets you make light bulbs in any shape

    The way he talks about working with gas is reminiscent of how a fisherman might talk of the sea.

    "It's so very difficult to work with," Braun said. "The extremes of temperature make it a constant battle ... unlike electricity, which is a dead light, gas gives a living light. But that's tough to recreate in an LED."

    "Some people think I'm crazy to spend all this time trying to replicate the look of the gas lamp," he said. "But they are beautiful; gas lights have no glare, you can look right into them."

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  • Cardinal: Teacher who gave her life is 'like Jesus'

    Craig Ruttle / AP

    The casket of teacher Anne Marie Murphy, who was killed at the Sandy Hook Elementary School shootings, is lifted from St. Mary Of The Assumption Church after a funeral service in Katonah, N.Y., on Thursday.

    A Sandy Hook Elementary School teacher who died cradling a special-needs student in her arms was laid to rest Thursday, with one of the nation’s top religious leaders speaking about how the world was “awed” by her sacrifice.

    Hundreds of mourners attended the funeral for Anne Marie Murphy, 52, a married mom of four, in Katonah, N.Y., where she lived before moving to Newtown, Conn.

    New York Cardinal Timothy Dolan, who presided over the Mass at St. Mary of the Assumption Roman Catholic Church, compared Murphy’s sacrifice to that of Jesus Christ.

    "Like him, she has brought together a community, a nation, a world, now awed by her own life and death,” Dolan said, according to the Associated Press. 


    "Like Jesus, Annie laid down her life for her friends," Dolan said. "Like Jesus, Annie's life and death brings light, truth, goodness and love to a world often shrouded in darkness, evil, selfishness and death."

    When Adam Lanza’s rampage at Sandy Hook was over, authorities found 6-year-old Dylan Hockley “wrapped in the arms” of Murphy, his special-education teacher, the child’s parents said in a statement.

    "We take great comfort in knowing that Dylan was not alone when he died,” they said. “Dylan loved Mrs. Murphy so much and pointed at her picture on our refrigerator every day."

    A statement from Murphy’s family, read by her brother-in law Thomas Newman across the street from the white-steepled church, expressed sympathy for the loved ones of all 20 children and six staffers killed in Friday’s massacre.

    “[We] pray for all the families touched so terribly, that God may help these feelings of such great pain and grief pass quickly, that they may be replaced with only happy thoughts and joyous memories of those we have lost,” they said.

    There was another wave of wakes and funerals in Newtown and surrounding towns with poignant scenes including Boy Scout leaders lining the path to Trinity Episcopal Church, where 6-year-old Benjamin Wheeler’s tiny casket was carried by his uncles.

    Seth Wenig / AP

    Herb Pontow, left, and Tony Tipton, both from Maryland, try to clean and organize an overflowing memorial for the shooting victims in the Sandy Hook village of Newtown, Conn., on Dec. 20.

    The Rev. Kathleen Adams-Shepherd told the crowd the crime was “inexplicable in human terms,” according to the Stamford Advocate. Benjamin’s life was cut too short by a "sick young man with access to weapons that should never, ever be in a home," she said.

    Trees outside the Sacred Heart Church in Southbury were festooned with green balloons, because that was 6-year-old Allison Wyatt’s favorite color.

    "She was goofy," the Rev. Walter L. Pitman said, according to the Stamford Advocate.  "She was funny. She had her two grandfathers wrapped around her finger and she knew it."

    At St. Rose of Lima Roman Catholic Church in Newtown, 6-year-old Catherine Hubbard was eulogized by her mother, Jennifer, who recalled how the little redhead asked Santa for animals every Christmas.

    The priest, Msgr. Robert Weiss, said Catherine’s brother, Freddy, worried how he would know he was on the right school bus without his kid sister around.

    “Just look up and she’ll give you a wink,” Weiss said, according to the Middletown Press.

    “Oh she already did? She got there fast.”

    Services were also held for Lauren Rousseau, 30, a full-time substitute teacher at Sandy Hook, and Jesse Lewis, 6, a first-grader who loved horses.

    A public memorial for Emilie Parker, 6, who was born in Utah, was held Thursday evening in Ogden, Utah, NBC station KSL reported. Nearly 1,000 people attended.

    "It means a lot," Robbie Parker said, according to KSL. "We love you guys. Thank you for being here."

    He said he remembered going for walks with Emilie. "We could never make it very far because she always had to stop and pick all of the flowers," he said.

    A private funeral service for Lanza’s mother was held in New Hampshire, and about two dozen relatives attended, a police source told NBC News. Nancy Lanza was shot multiple times in the head before her son stormed the school.

    It wasn’t clear if anyone was prepared to claim Adam Lanza’s body.

    /

    A nation mourns after the second deadliest school shooting in U.S. history at Sandy Hook Elementary, which left 20 children and six staff members dead.

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  • Holiday travel alert: Central US storm brings flight disruptions, deadly blizzard, and a tornado

    The powerful storm made for dicey driving conditions in Iowa, causing a 25-car pileup. In Wisconsin, the governor declared a state of emergency. And in the South, several tornadoes spawned from the same weather system. NBC's Kevin Tibbles reports.

    The first major wintry storm of the season hammered the Midwest on Thursday, causing a pileup in blizzard conditions that killed three people, dumping a foot of snow in some areas and creating travel problems during one of the busiest periods of the year. Those travel woes could extend into the Northeast, with high winds and rain expected there Friday.


    Nearly 600 flights were canceled at Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport on Thursday, according to FlightStats, and an additional 700 were grounded at Kansas City International, Midway (Chicago), Detroit Metropolitan, Minneapolis-St. Paul International and other Midwest airports.

    Southwest Airlines canceled all flights at Midway starting at 4:30 p.m. local time, NBCChicago.com reported.

    Full coverage of the storm at The Weather Channel

    The storm system also spawned a tornado that flipped vehicles in Mobile, Ala., and cut power to 400,000 homes and businesses. Some 130,000 were still without power Thursday afternoon. 


    At least six deaths were tied to the snowstorms: In Iowa, three people died Thursday in a pileup involving more than 30 vehicles on Interstate 35, NBC affiliate WHO-TV reported; in Wisconsin, slick road conditions led to two fatalities; and in Utah, a woman who tried to walk for help after her car became stuck in snow was found dead, officials said late Wednesday. Search and rescue crews on snowmobiles found her buried in the snow just a few miles from her car.

    Snow, whipped by 50 mph wind gusts, have been causing white outs and leaving residents in the dark. The Weather Channel's Mike Seidel reports.

    Blizzard or winter storm warnings were issued for 16 states on Thursday, Weather Channel meteorologist Mike Seidel told TODAY.

    Northeast cities can expect rain and high winds from the system Friday morning, said NBC meteorologist Bill Karins. Most of the snow should move into Canada Friday night.

    A foot of snow fell on Des Moines, Iowa, by early Thursday and residents across the state were urged to stay off the roads.

    "Because of the wind, travel is pretty treacherous, especially into Iowa, as the storm moves east," National Weather Service meteorologist Scott Dergan said.

    The snow cover will drag temperatures much lower in Iowa and Nebraska, he added. "We're talking single digits. We may even see some sub-zero temperatures in Nebraska. This cold weather will stick around for several days, maybe until the day after Christmas. So we're definitely going to have a white Christmas."

    Iowa State Police

    Some of the vehicles involved in a pileup on Interstate 35 in Iowa are seen Thursday.

    Blowing snow led to school closures in parts of Iowa, Kansas, Missouri and Nebraska. All state government offices also closed in Iowa. Storms in those four states left around 130,000 homes without power. 

    "Thundersnow" was reported in Iowa Wednesday night, as thunder and lightning accompanied the storm as it trekked across the state. 

    Dietra Tate / NBC 15

    This vehicle at a car dealership was flipped over by a storm in Mobile, Ala., on Thursday, Dec. 20.

    In Alabama, a tornado peeled the roofs off homes and buildings and toppled vehicles in Mobile, but caused no serious injuries, Al.com reported. Arkansas also saw damage from high winds.

    The storm system earlier delivered heavy snow and strong winds to parts of the West, where trucks tangled on icy roads on the Oregon and California state line.

    Snowstorm prompts state of emergency in Wisconsin

    In West Texas, winds from the same system kicked up a dust storm Wednesday that caused accidents along Interstate 27, resulting in one death and more than a dozen injuries, NBC affiliate KCBD reported.

    At Dallas-Fort Worth airport, American Airlines said it canceled about 120 flights Wednesday night due to the storm. 

    In Nebraska, snow blowing sideways on Wednesday night forced the closure of a 146-mile stretch of Interstate 80, a major east-west highway. 

    Much of the nation is dealing with a big blast of winter as a massive snowstorm barrels from the Rockies to the Midwest, with some parts of Colorado buried under more than a foot of snow. NBC's Mike Seidel reports.

    In Wisconsin, Gov. Scott Walker declared a state of emergency on Wednesday. Schools were canceled in advance of heavy snowfall and the University of Wisconsin-Madison postponed Thursday’s final exams.

    Before the storm, several Midwest cities had broken records for the number of consecutive days without measurable snow.

    In Chicago, people made a run on snow shovels and salt ahead of what should be the first snow to hit the city in 290 days (the record is 296). 

    The storm has package delivery companies nervously checking the weather forecast during this busy time of year. "We’re closely monitoring the storm," FedEx spokesman Scott Fiedler told NBC News. "We have a team of 15 meteorologists who track the weather around the world every day."

    Related: UPS, FedEx weather experts work on timely deliveries
    Related: Chicago braces for 'thundersnow'
    Related: Bad in US? Try Russia, where some parts as low as 50 below
    Related: Slideshow of wintry scenes around the world

    Along the East Coast, the I-95 corridor isn't expected to see much, if any, snow.

    "Snow may make it as close to New York City as Western Connecticut but right now, other than a few flurries Friday night, I think New York City through Boston will be mostly snow-free," Tom Niziol, the winter weather expert at The Weather Channel, told NBC News.

    "Areas to the southeast of the Great Lakes, from Cleveland through Syracuse will get heavier snowfall," he added. "Higher elevations from the Adirondacks through the western slopes of the Central Appalachians will also get snow."

    NBC News' Isolde Raftery and A. Pawlowski, as well as The Associated Press and Reuters, contributed to this report.

    More content from NBCNews.com:

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  • 'Light amidst the darkness': Heroic teacher Victoria Soto remembered

    /

    A nation mourns after the second deadliest school shooting in U.S. history at Sandy Hook Elementary, which left 20 children and six staff members dead.

    One of Newtown’s heroic teachers – remembered as a bright light on the darkest of days – was laid to rest Wednesday, with family friend Paul Simon performing the folk song “Sound of Silence.”

    Obtained by NBC News

    Victoria Soto, 27, first-grade teacher at Sandy Hook elementary. Soto had taught for five years and was known by students as silly and loving.

    Mourners who arrived at a church in Stratford, Conn., for Victoria Soto’s funeral were handed ribbons of green, her favorite color.

    They spoke of the 27-year-old’s selfless final act: She died trying to protect her first-grade students at Sandy Hook Elementary School from rifle fire during the massacre, according to her family.

    “Truthfully, you have been a hero to me for a lot longer than five days,” said her sister, Jillian Soto, according to the Stamford Advocate. "You've been my big sister. The one I always looked up to."

    Another sister, Carlee, sobbed as she spoke. "The pain is unbelievable," she said.


    Outside, family friend Ryan Ortiz, 27, said he couldn’t help thinking if he would have been as courageous as Soto.

    “Mind-boggling what she had to go through,” Ortiz said. “No matter how many times I sit at home and think of what I would have done, you just can't imagine being in that situation.

    “In my opinion, she was that light amidst the darkness that was going on that day in that school,” Ortiz said. “There's really no other way to remember her than being that light in that room."

    Simon was asked by the Soto family to perform at the service; his sister-in-law, a nurse, is close to Soto’s mother, also a nurse. He came and left without comment.

    Soto, who was in her fifth year of teaching, was finishing up her daily morning meeting with the students of Classroom 10 when gunman Adam Lanza began his rampage Friday morning.

    NBCLatino: Soto remembered as a hero and a giving soul

    Relatives say they were told she hurried the kids she called her "angels" into a closet behind her and tried to shield them from the bullets.

    Some of the children in her class managed to survive the slaughter. Many did not.

    Funerals were held Wednesday for first-graders Charlotte Bacon, Caroline Previdi and Daniel Barden, and a wake was held for 7-year-old Chase Kowalski – continuing a week of mourning.

    A large contingent of firefighters arrived for 7-year-old Daniel’s funeral at St. Rome of Lima church in Newtown, where the strains of bagpipes filled the air.

    Two of his relatives are members of the New York City Fire Department, and he dreamed of wearing a uniform when he grew up, according to a Facebook post from a firefighters’ foundation.

    "It was one of the hardest funerals I was ever at,” FDNY Lt. Eric Torres told NBCNewYork.com.

    #26acts: Neb. woman gives a dollar at a time 

    Family friend Laura Stamberg, of New Paltz, N.Y., said that on the day of the shooting, Daniel’s father Mark spent precious moments with him, teaching him a Christmas song on the piano.

    "They played foosball and then he taught him the song and then he walked him to the bus and that was their last morning together," Stamberg told the Associated Press.

    At a funeral where mourners wore buttons with her picture, 6-year-old redhead Charlotte was recalled as a ball of energy who loved the color pink and wanted to be a veterinarian. Caroline was “just a doll,” was just a doll," family friend Pam Fehrs said. "She was happy – dancing and happy everywhere she went."

    Later on Wednesday, hundreds attended a wake in Woodbury, Conn., for Sandy Hook Principal Dawn Hochsprung, 47, who also has been hailed as a hero for running toward the sound of gunfire after Lanza blasted his way into the school.

    Family: Boy's favorite teacher died cradling him

    Connecticut Gov. Dannel Malloy and Lt. Gov. Nancy Wyman came to pay their respects at Munson Lovetere Funeral Home, where candles in paper bags, arranged to spell HOPE, were laid out on the front lawn.


    U.S. Education Secretary Arne Duncan also attended. Earlier in the day, he said Hochsprung and five other staffers killed at Sandy Hook “made the ultimate sacrifice, literally laying down their lives to protect the children they taught and cared for.”

    “If it was not for the quick and courageous response of other teachers and staff, even more children and adults might have died,” he said.

    Some of the services have been marked not just by tears, but by calls for tougher gun laws. Miguel Padilla, who works with Soto’s father, said he hoped the unity shown in the wake of the tragedy would translate into legislative action.

    “With assault rifles, there is no need for those,” he said outside the church. “If you need to protect yourself, a handgun is good enough. That a 20-year old can get his hands on [an assault rifle] is pathetic.

    “Something big has to come out of this,” he added. “They have to change the law.”

    NBC News' Courtney Hazlett contributed to this report.

    As funerals are held for four more Sandy Hook Elementary victims, President Obama will announce that Vice President Biden will spearhead a panel to formulate gun policies in the aftermath of the Newtown tragedy. NBC's Craig Melvin reports.

    Related content:

     Victims in shooting: Daring principal, fun-loving teacher, 6-year-old twin brother
    'If you do good, you'll feel good': Origins of #26Acts of Kindness
    Slideshow: Newtown school massacre
    Family: Boy's favorite teacher died cradling him
    For teachers, classroom security concerns come to the fore

     

  • 'If you do good, you'll feel good': Ann Curry explains origins of #26Acts of Kindness

    A massive, unexpected wave of goodwill began online with a simple idea: "Imagine if we all committed 20 acts of kindness to honor the lost children of Newtown." NBC News National and International Correspondent Ann Curry sent the message on Twitter and Facebook. The idea has evolved into a viral effort known as "26 Acts of Kindness," in honor of the students and faculty who died at Sandy Hook Elementary.

    After being in Newtown, I woke up the next morning and thought about what could be done. What is the answer to this kind of national suffering?  And I remembered a moment on the edge of Darfur, when I came upon a woman who was elderly and in the hospital, recovering from burns after an attack by Janjaweed militias. She was surrounded in the hospital, by younger women carrying babies, and I asked her to tell the story of how she had suffered these terrible burns all over her body. I learned that she had tried to rescue her invalid husband when her village was attacked and her house was set on fire. She tried to carry her husband out of her house and stayed so long that the thatched roof of her house came down, the hot embers giving her 3rd degree burns.  But she was unable to save her husband. Her husband died.

    Antoine Sanfuentes

    Ann Curry's inspiration for #26Acts of Kindness dates back to an experience she had while reporting on the genocide in Darfur in 2007, and the joy that giving Polaroid pictures of children brought to mothers who had never held a photograph of their kids.



    I remember walking out of that hospital, and the producer saw the look on my face. He said, “Are you okay?” And I said, “No.” And without even thinking, I remember going to our team van and pulling out a Polaroid camera I had brought on that trip. And then I went to all of these women with their children who were in the  courtyard of the hospital, knowing that they had never owned a photograph – ever – of their child. I went around from woman to woman, and I took pictures of them, I took pictures of them with their child, or just of their child alone – without even thinking, just snapping pictures. The first time I did it, I remember giving a photograph to a woman, and she looked at this black square with this quizzed look on her face, and I said, “Just wait one minute! Just wait one minute,” holding up one finger. And then I watched her face melt as she watched her child’s face slowly appear on that Polaroid.
     
    It made me feel better. So I went from mother to mother to mother until I ran out of film.
     
    After the experience in Newtown. I thought, “What if? Imagine if everyone could commit to doing one act of kindness for every one of those children killed in Newtown.” So that’s what I tweeted. And guess what? People committed. I said in my tweet, “I’m in. RT if you’re in.” Not only did they commit to 20 acts of kindness, they wanted to up it to 26 acts of kindness for every child and adult who was lost at the school. Some even debated maybe we should include the mother, who died, at 27 acts. Some debated maybe we should include the killer as well as he was struggling and in pain.

    What’s really remarkable to me is how many people responded. They are the ones who carried the ball. They are the ones who chose what to do. People would tweet back, “I’ve done two!” “I bought coffee for a guy in line!” “I bought toys for homeless children!” “I’ve got 18 more to go!” or “24 more to go!” – whatever number they were trying to reach.

    I was inspired by them. So I started tweeting about what people were doing. Some people thought it was boasting when they would say “I’ve done this” or “I’ve done that.” I don’t think so. I think that whenever you show by example an act of kindness – big or small – something that spends a lot of money, or because you don’t have the money, something that doesn’t, all of it is welcome.

    There is no judgment. I think that’s the key. If people want to do it, great. But I think that if they do it, something great happens to you.

    When I was tweeting, I noticed that the number one trending topic was something like "ThingsIlikeaboutmyself."  I thought, “Well, if you do act of kindness, I bet you’ll like even more about yourself.” So that’s what I tweeted.
     
    I know the truth: if you do good, you feel good. It’s the most selfish thing you can do. Right now, this country wants to heal. I think the only thing comforting in the face of a tragedy like this is to do something good with it if you can. Be a part of that wave.

    Here are some ideas to get you started: 

    Trouble viewing this on your device? Click here.

  • Inspired to act: #26Acts of kindness to honor those lost in Newtown, Conn.

    Newtown's heartbreak has a lot of us asking, "What can I do?" Thinking about this, I took to Twitter and asked people to imagine what would happen if all of us committed to 20 acts of kindness to honor each child lost in Newtown. I added, "I'm in. If you are, RT #20Acts."

    Tens of thousands of people on Twitter and Facebook not only seized the idea, they increased it to #26Acts, to include the heroic teachers, and are launching acts of kindness big and small all over America. The acts are spreading overseas, including one tweeted from Borneo.

    There are many questions about Friday's shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School, but one being asked by just about everyone is how to best honor the victims. In Newtown and across the country, random acts of kindness are being performed in the memory of each person lost. NBC's Andrea Canning reports.

    Some changed the hashtag to #26ActsOfKindness, some wanted to increase it to 27, and 28. All good. You are in charge of this wave now.

    We are curating some of the acts shared so far, as a way to inspire you, and maybe help heal us all.

    Fred Rogers once said that when he saw scary things in the news as a boy, his mother would say, "Look for the helpers. You will always find people who are helping."

    Below, find some of the helpers.

    Are you in?

    Trouble viewing this on your device? Click here.
  • Obama vows action on gun violence: 'These tragedies must end'

    Speaking at a vigil for families of the victims and other students from Sandy Hook Elementary, President Obama says, "God has called them all home. For those of us who remain, let us find the strength to carry on." Watch his entire speech.

     

    President Barack Obama vowed to marshal the power of his office behind a nationwide effort to curb gun violence following an elementary school massacre last week in Newtown, Conn.

    The president, speaking Sunday evening at an interfaith vigil in Newtown, said that the United States is "left with some hard questions" following the mass shooting, which left 20 children, seven adults and the suspected shooter dead.

    He used the speech to lay down a marker, vowing to take action to address gun violence amid yet another high-profile mass shooting in his presidency.


    "We can't tolerate this anymore," Obama said. "These tragedies must end. And to end them, we must change."

    "In the coming weeks I'll use whatever power this office holds to engage my fellow citizens … in an effort aimed at preventing more tragedies like this," he said.

    Obama offered no specifics as to what type action he might take or legislation he might seek to address these incidences of violence. A top Senate Democrat said Sunday on NBC's "Meet the Press" that she would introduce legislation on the first day of the new Congress next year to re-institute a ban on assault weapons, something which Obama has previously endorsed but not actively sought. 

    Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W. Va, says that while he's a proud gun-owner and NRA member, there needs to be a "sensible" and "reasonable" dialogue about gun legislation.

    The call-to-action was weaved together with words from the president meant to console mourners in Newtown, with whom Obama met earlier in the day.

    "This is our first task, caring for our children. It's our first job. If we don't get that right, we don't get anything right. That's how, as a society, we will be judged," Obama asked. "And by that measure, can we truly say that, as a nation, we're meeting our obligations?"

    The president added: "I've been reflecting on this the past few days, and if we're honest with ourselves, the answer's no. We're not doing enough. And we will have to change."

    Obama's comments came in response to yet another mass casualty incident in America over the past few years. The most high-profile attacks include one against Rep. Gabrielle Giffords in Arizona, a shooting at a movie theater this past summer in Colorado and another shooting at a Sikh Temple in Wisconsin in August.

    Stephen Dunn / AP

    President Barack Obama greets Gov. Dannel Malloy during his arrival at the start of an interfaith vigil for the victims of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting on Dec. 16, 2012 at Newtown High School in Newtown, Conn.

    None of those events managed to prompt a groundswell for political action to address gun rights and other underlying causes of these attacks.

    An effort to address mass casualty events might also involve less politically touchy efforts, like boosting support for mental health. 

    If Obama were to lead an effort to push gun control, though, he could meet resistance from the politically influential National Rifle Association and other gun rights' groups. Advocates of gun control, though, have urged Obama to throw political caution to the wind; New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg said Sunday that gun control should be Obama's "No. 1 agenda."

  • Victims in Connecticut shooting: Daring principal, fun-loving teacher, 6-year-old twin brother

    Burials have begun for the children and teachers who died after the unthinkable happened at Sandy Hook Elementary School. NBC's Kate Snow reports.

    Updated at 6 p.m. ET Tuesday: The youngest victim had a twin at the school. The oldest was the school psychologist. Another was the child of a jazz saxophonist. Among the 28 who died in the shooting in Newtown, Conn., were six teachers -- all women -- and 20 children, ages 6 and 7.

    The two others who died were the gunman and his mother.   

    Of the children, eight were boys and 12 were girls.


    ADULTS

    Dawn Hochsprung, 47, Sandy Hook Elementary principal
    When shots rang out Friday at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Connecticut, Hochsprung ran from a room where she was meeting with a parent and other staff members, school occupational therapist Diane Day told the Wall Street Journal.

    She never returned.

    Hochsprung, 47, has been described as fun and lighthearted, someone who maintained an active Twitter feed that noted successes and various events at school.

    “Sandy Hook hosted district admins for instructional rounds today,” she tweeted on Nov. 29. “Amazing visit showcased deep learning!” 

    Last week, she tweeted an image of fourth-grade students rehearsing for their winter concert. Days before that, an image of kindergartners exchanging play money at their makeshift grocery store.

    “She was not the kind of principal I remembered as a kid,” Diane Licata, the mother of a first- and second-grader at Sandy Hook, told The New York Times. “She really reached out to the students and made them feel comfortable with her.”

    She received her bachelor's degree in special education from Central Connecticut State University and her master's degree in education from Southern Connecticut State University. She was currently enrolled at Russell Sage College in Troy, N.Y., pursuing her Ph.D.

    Hoschsprung was married with a high-school age son, according to the Wall Street Journal.

    She viewed her school as a model for safety and learning, telling The Newtown Bee in 2010: “I don’t think you could find a more positive place to bring students to every day.”

    Officials said she died while lunging along with the school psychologist at the gunman in an attempt to overpower him, The Associated Press reported.

    Sandy Hook Elementary principal Dawn Hochsprung died in the attack after reportedly running toward the gunfire to protect her students. TODAY's Erica Hill reports, and Savannah Guthrie talks with two men who knew her.

    Mary Sherlach, 56, school psychologist
    Mary Sherlach had worked at Sandy Hook Elementary since 1994 and was known as a fixture at the school, according to the Connecticut Post.

    Associated Press

    Mary Sherlach, 56

    She was the wife of Bill Sherlach, a financial consultant, and mother to two adult daughters, Maura and Katie. The Sherlaches were looking forward to retirement, which they had planned to spend on Owasco Lake, one of New York's Finger Lakes, Newtown Patch reported.

    Eric Schwartz, Sherlach’s son-in-law, told the Connecticut Post that he and his wife immediately drove to Connecticut when they heard on the news that the school psychologist had been killed. 

    Officials said Sherlach died while running with the principal toward the shooter. 

    Schwartz described his mother-in-law as sharp, opinionated and an avid Miami Dolphins fan. She had planned to leave work early on Friday, he said, but never had the chance. 

    As the news trickled out about the shooting, Schwartz told Patch: “It was a really helpless feeling. For about an hour, you try to say, ‘They got it wrong, they got it wrong.’”

    "Mary felt like she was doing God's work, working with the children," he told NBCConnecticut.com.

    Victoria Soto, 27, first-grade teacher
    As the shooter entered Room 10, a first-grade classroom, teacher Vicki Leigh Soto tried to shield her students, her cousin Jim Wiltsie told the Wall Street Journal.

    Victoria Soto, 27.

    "That is how she was found. Huddled with her children," Wiltsie said.

    Soto had taught for five years and was known by students as silly and loving. “She put those children first. That’s all she ever talked about,” a friend, Andrea Crowell, told The Associated Press. “She wanted to do her best for them, to teach them something new every day.” 

    Read more at NBC Latino 

    On her teacher's bio, Soto wrote: "In my free time I love to spend time with black lab Roxie. I love spending time with my brother, sisters and cousins. I love to spend time reading books on the beach soaking up the sun.  I also love flamingos and the New York Yankees."  

    Anne Marie Murphy, 52, special education teacher
    Murphy, the sixth of seven children, was described by her 86-year-old father, Hugh McGowan, as “witty” and “hardworking,” according to New York Newsday.

    Her mother, Alice McGowan, 86, described her as “a good soul.” She told Newsday that when she got the news, she grabbed her rosary and cried.

    Authorities told the couple their daughter helped shield some of her students from the rain of bullets. 

    “A first responder said she was a hero,” Murphy's father said. 

    "You don't expect your daughter to be murdered. That's sort of a shocker. It happens on TV. It happens elsewhere," he added.

    Woody Thompson, a neighbor of the Murphy family in Connecticut, said she and her husband were level-headed parents who allowed their four children to play one sport per season.

    “They didn’t buy into some of the craziness and the hype of big-time organized youth sports,” Thompson told NBC News.  

    Lauren Gabrielle Rousseau, 30, permanent substitute teacher
    Rousseau was having "the best year of her life," her mother, Teresa Rousseau said, according to The Danbury News-Times, where she is a copyeditor.

    AP

    Lauren Rousseau

    Lauren had a boyfriend, Tony Lusardi III, the News-Times reported. After years of substitute teaching, she landed a permanent substitute teaching position at Sandy Hook. 

    She grew up in Danbury and lived with her mother and her mother’s partner.

    On Friday night, Rousseau had planned to see a movie, "The Hobbit," according to the News-Times. In preparation, she had made cupcakes with pictures of the actors in the movie topping each one. 

    “Lauren wanted to be a teacher from before she even went to kindergarten,” her mother said. “We will miss her terribly and will take comfort knowing that she had achieved that dream.” 

    Nancy Lanza, 52, mother of gunman
    Investigators believe that Adam Lanza shot his mother at her home near Sandy Hook Elementary before driving to the school and killing 26 others, then himself.

    Nancy Lanza was social and generous, friends and neighbors told The New York Times. A friend told NBC News that she was a gun enthusiast.

    “She had a pretty extensive gun collection,” Dan Holmes said. “She was a collector, she was pretty proud of that. She always mentioned that she really loved the act of shooting.”

    He said that she took her sons to the shooting range to practice their marksmanship.

    In 2008, her husband Peter John Lanza filed for divorce, court records show. He lives in Stamford, Conn., and is a tax director at General Electric. 

    While much remains unknown about the Sandy Hook school shooting, we're learning more about one of the victims – gunman Adam Lanza's mother, who owned all of the weapons recovered at the scene. NBC's Mike Isikoff reports, and four of her friends join TODAY's Savannah Guthrie to talk about her life and her relationship with her son.

    Rachel D'Avino was 29.

    Rachel was born in Waterbury, Conn., to parents Mary D’Avinio of Bethlehem, Conn., and Ralph D’Avino of Waterbury, Conn. She was a 2001 graduate of Nonnewaug High School and received her bachelor’s degree from the University of Hartford and her master’s degree from Post University. She was working toward her doctorate degree from the University of St. Joseph in Hartford, Conn.

    A behavioral therapist who worked with special-needs kids, Rachel was one of two teacher’s aides who died at Sandy Hook. She joined the staff at Sandy Hook only about a week before the shooting, the Stamford Advocate reported.

    She loved animals, cooking, baking, photography and karate, her family said, adding that she was an adoring big sister who cherished her two younger siblings like they were her own children.

    “Her presence and tremendous smile brightened any room she entered,” Rachel’s obituary said. “Her maternal nature, understanding and sense of patience with the learning disabled were truly gifts she possessed. Ultimately, it is these gifts that would have given Rachel a level of understanding and forgiveness during this time of crisis that many others wouldn’t have.”

    Rachel’s aunt, Christine Carmody, who lives in Florida, said that D’Avino’s boyfriend had asked her parents for her hand in marriage and planned to propose on Christmas Eve this year, Carmody told her pastor before flying to Connecticut, MyFoxTampaBay.com reported

    CHILDREN

    Charlotte Bacon was 6.

    Charlotte, who had long curly red hair, had begged her mother for a new outfit, her uncle told  Newsday. Her mother relented on Friday and allowed her to wear the outfit: a pink dress and boots.

    Charlotte Bacon, 6.

    Charlotte’s older brother, Guy, was also in the school but was not shot, The Associated Press reported. Her parents, JoAnn and Joel, had lived in Newtown for four or five years, her uncle, John Hagen, of Nisswa, Minn., told Newsday.

    Charlotte’s family issued a statement: “The family will forever remember her beautiful smile, her energy for life and the unique way she expressed her individuality, usually with the color pink.”  

    Having never met an animal she didn’t love, her parents said, Charlotte had wanted to be a veterinarian since she was 2.

    The statement continued: “She also enjoyed practicing Taekwondo weekly with her Dad and brother where she relished kicking and throwing punches!” 

    Daniel Barden was 7. 

    He was the youngest son of a caring mother and father, who always tried to keep their children active, taking Daniel to swim practice and other activities, according to friends and neighbors, the Washington Post reported.

    In his obituary, his family said Daniel loved “riding waves at the beach, playing the drums in a band with his brother, James, and sister, Natalie, foosball, reading, and making s’mores around the bonfire with his cousins at Papa’s house.”

    Daniel earned his missing two front teeth and ripped jeans, the family said in a statement.

    He was on the Newtown soccer team and the Newtown Torpedoes swim team.

    “This is a warm, loving family,” said a co-worker of Daniel’s mother, Jackie Barden. “The kids were the type of kids parents want their children to be around: warm and wonderful and caring and kind. This is heartbreaking.” 

    Olivia Engel was 6.

    Tim Nosezo / AP

    Olivia Engel, 6.

    Olivia was outgoing and had “a great sense of humor,” said her cousin, John Engel III of New Canaan. The sister of 3-year-old brother Brayden, Olivia was a Girl Scout, a tennis player and excelled at math and reading.

    "She had a huge sense of humor, this was not a shy child," Engel said on TODAY. "This was a child who would light up the room with her smile and her sense of humor." 

    On Friday, Olivia was excited to go to school and then return home to make a gingerbread house, a friend of the girl’s family, Dan Merton, told the Associated Press. “Her only crime is being a wiggly, smiley 6-year-old,” he said.

    Olivia, who was learning the rosary, always led grace before the family dinner.

    "She was supposed to be an angel" in the nativity play Saturday night at Newtown's St. Rose of Lima Catholic Church, said Msgr. Robert Weiss, according to Reuters. "Now she's an angel up in heaven."

    Josephine Gay was 7.

    Josephine -- known as Joey -- turned 7 three days before Friday's shooting. She wore round glasses and loved the color purple, which her parents asked that those attending her funeral to wear at her funeral on Friday, Dec. 21. During the summer, she set up a lemonade stand in her family’s subdivision, where she liked to ride her bike.

    Her obituary celebrates "her beautiful smile, loving heart and playful spirit.

    "She lived seven years, inspiring friends and family," her family wrote. 

    Ana Marquez-Greene was 6.

    She was the daughter of American jazz saxophonist Jimmy Greene, and the granddaughter of Jorge Marquez, the mayor of Maunabo, Puerto Rico. She was close with her brother, 9-year-old Isaias, who was also at Sandy Hook Elementary on Friday.

    El Nuevo Dia

    Ana Marquez-Greene

    Jimmy Green named a song from his 2009 disc for his daughter, Ana Grace, the Ottawa Citizen noted. The family had recently moved to Newtown, Conn., from Winnipeg, Canada, where Greene was a faculty member at the University of Manitoba’s school of music.

    "In her short life, Ana strengthened us with her loving, generous joyful spirit," the family said in a statement. "She often left sweet notes that read, 'I love you Mom and Dad,' under our bedroom pillow -- not on special occasions, but, rather, on ordinary days."

    In a statement posted by the Citizen, Greene thanked friends for their prayers and words of support: “As we work through this nightmare, we’re reminded how much we’re loved and supported on this earth and by our Father in heaven. As much as she’s needed here and missed by her mother, brother and me, Ana beat us all to paradise. I love you sweetie girl.”

    Read more at NBC Latino

    Ana’s grandmother Elba Iris Marquez told Nuevo Dia: “I want to believe this is not really happening to me.” The newspaper said she was drowned in grief.

    Dylan Hockley was 6.

    He was born in Winchester, England, to his British father, Ian Thomas, and American mother, Nicole Marie (Moretti) of Sandy Hook. The family moved to Connecticut from England two years ago.

    His grandmother, Teresa Moretti of Cranston, R.I., told the Boston Herald that Dylan loved garlic bread, bouncing on his trampoline and playing Wii.

    “Dylan had dimples and blue eyes,” Moretti told the Herald as she fought back tears. “He had the most mischievous little grin. To know him was to love him.”

    Dylan’s parents had lived in England for 18 years before moving to a house on the same street as Nancy Lanza in January, according to the Telegraph. Dylan’s 8-year-old brother, Jake, who also attended Sandy Hook Elementary, survived the shooting.

    "We take great comfort in knowing that Dylan was not alone when he died, but was wrapped in the arms of his amazing aide, Anne Marie Murphy," said his family in a statement, NBCConnecticut.com reported on Monday evening. "Dylan loved Mrs. Murphy so much and pointed at her picture on our refrigerator every day."

    Madeleine F. Hsu was 6.

    Madeleine was shy and quiet but lit up around dogs, neighbor Karen Dryer told NBCConnecticut.com.

    "She would come off the bus and her face would light up when she saw the dog," said Dryer who has a golden retriever.

    After getting off the bus she would hug her mom and little sister.

    "She was just an absolute doll. She seemed very shy, but she was just so sweet," said Dryer.

    Catherine V. Hubbard was 6. 

    Her family says that she will be remembered for her passion for animals and constant smile.

    “We are greatly saddened by the loss of our beautiful daughter, Catherine Violet, and our thoughts and prayers are with the other families who have been affected by this tragedy. We ask that you continue to pray for us and the other families who have experienced loss in this tragedy,” said her parents, Jennifer and Matthew Hubbard, in a statement that also expressed gratitude to emergency responders and the community.

    Chase Kowalski was 7.

    Chase was “a fun-loving, energetic boy that had a true love of life,” whose “heart was only filled with love for all the people he touched,” his family said.

    Chase completed his first triathlon at the age of 6 and ran in many community road races, his obituary said.

    Kevin Grimes, a neighbor whose five children all previously attended Sandy Hook, told the Associated Press that Chase was always outside, playing in the backyard and riding his bicycle. 

    Last week he was over and told him about completing in - and winning - his first mini-triathlon.

    “You couldn’t think of a better child,” Grimes said.

    Another neighbor, Suzanne Baumann, told the Wall Street Journal that he always greeted people. “He was very receptive to people. He was a beautiful child, an amazing child.”

    Jesse Lewis was 6.

    Jesse liked playing with horses that were kept in a barn next to his house, The Danbury News Times reported.

    "I'd be in the yard or in the house and I would hear him laughing, playing," George Arfaras, 81, a neighbor, told the newspaper.

    On Friday morning, he had his favorite breakfast sandwich at a local deli – sausage, egg and cheese, NBCConnecticut reported.

    Family friend Barbara McSperrin told the Wall Street Journal that Jesse was “a typical 6-year-old little boy, full of life.”

    “Jesse was such an incredible light. So bright and full of love. He lived life with vigor and passion … brave and true,” Jesse’s mother wrote in an email to the paper.

    James Mattioli was 6.

    Fondly called “J” by his family, James was “an energetic, loving friend to all,” his obituary said.

    He liked playing baseball, basketball, swimming, arm wrestling and playing games on the iPad.

    "He loved to wear shorts and t-shirts in any weather, and grab the gel to spike his hair,” his obituary said. “He would often sing at the top of his lungs and once asked, 'How old do I have to be to sing on a stage?'" 

    James loved hamburgers with ketchup, his dad’s egg omelets with bacon and his mom’s French toast, the obituary said.

    Annette Sullivan, the owner of Zoar Ridge Stables in Sandy Hook, Conn., told the Connecticut Post that James and his older sister Anna would ride horses at her stables.

    “He would ask about the saddles and the brushes,” Sullivan told the Post. “He wanted to know how to take care of the horses. He was a boy that wanted to know how everything worked.”

    His parents said in the obituary that he “was a numbers guy, coming up with insights beyond his years to explain the relationship between numbers and unique ways of figuring out the answer when adding and subtracting.”

    His parents said James was especially thoughtful and considerate and was “always the first to welcome guests at the back door with a hug and his contagious smile.” 

    Grace McDonnell was 7.

    Family Photo / AP

    Grace McDonnell, 7.

    Grace, or Gracie, lived in Newtown with her parents and older brother, 12-year-old Jack. Mary Ann McDonnell, Grace’s grandmother, told the Boston Herald that Grace loved art projects, soccer gymnastics and her King Charles Spaniel, Puddin.

    She was surrounded by bags of gifts intended for her granddaughter when she spoke with the Herald.

    “They kept saying, ‘They can’t find her. They can’t find her. All day long I was praying she would be OK,” Mary Ann McDonnell recounted.

    “A little baby like that – I hope she didn’t suffer.”

    Emilie Parker was 6.

    Her father, Robbie Parker, described his daughter as loving and creative.

    Courtesy Parker family

    Emilie Parker, 6.

    “My daughter Emilie would be one of the first ones to be standing and giving her love and support to all those victims, because that’s the kind of person she is, not because of any kind of parenting my wife and I could have done but because those are the gifts that were given to her by our heavenly Father,” Parker said.  

    Emilie carried around pencils and crayons, and when people were sad, she would draw them a picture or write them a note. Recently, she dropped a card into the casket of her grandfather, who also died tragically, Parker said.

    “I’m so blessed to be her dad,” he said.

    In a later statement, Robbie Parker wrote: "Remember these beautiful children; keep them close to our hearts. Do not let their bright shining faces become extinguished. Let us do everything in our power to ensure their light will continue to shine brighter and brighter in all we do to remember them."

    Courtesy of Pinto family

    Jack Pinto, 6.

    Jack Pinto was 6.

    He was born in Danbury, Conn., to parents Dean and Tricia (Volkmann) Pinto.

    Jack’s family said he was an avid participant in flag football, baseball, basketball, wrestling and snow skiing, as well as a big New York Giants fan.

    N.Y. Giants wide receiver Victor Cruz honored Jack on Sunday by writing on his cleats "Jack Pinto, My Hero" and "R.I.P. Jack Pinto."

    “Jack was an incredibly loving and vivacious young boy, appreciated by all who knew him for his lively and giving spirit and steely determination,” his family said in his obituary. “In life and death, Jack will forever be remembered for the immeasurable joy he brought to all who had the pleasure of knowing him, a joy whose wide reach belied his six short years.” 

    Family photo via AP

    Noah Pozner

    Noah Pozner was 6.

    He was the youngest of the victims, having turned 6 last month. He was born in Danbury, Conn., to parents Lenny and Veronique Pozner, who described their son as “the light of our family, a little soul devoid of spite and meanness.” His twin sister, Arielle, who was assigned to a different classroom at Sandy Hook, survived the shooting. He also had an 8-year-old sister at the school, according to Newsday.

    Rabbi Shaul Praver tended to Veronique Pozner in her grief.

    “She said that she didn’t know how she was going to go on, and we encouraged her to focus on her other four children that need her and not to try to plan out the rest of her life, just take a deep breath right now,” Praver said, according to forward.com.

    Noah’s uncle, Arthur Pozner of Brooklyn, N.Y., told Newsday that Noah was very mature.

    “When I was his age, I was not like him,” he said. “Very well brought up. Extremely bright. Extremely bright,” he said. “The reason they moved to that area is because they did not consider any school in New York state on the same level. That’s one of the reasons they moved, for safety and education.”

    His funeral and burial was held on Monday.

    Caroline Previdi was 6. 

    Caroline was born in Danbury, Conn., to parents Jeffrey and Sandy Johnson Previdi.

    Her family said she loved to draw, dance, and gymnastics, and her smile brought happiness to everyone she touched.

    "Caroline Phoebe Previdi was a blessing from God and brought joy to everyone she touched," her parents, Jeff and Sandy Previdi, said in a statement, NBCConnecticut.com reported. "We know that she is looking down on us from Heaven."

    One family friend, who declined to be named, told the Washington Post that Caroline once went by the nickname “Boo” because she looked like the girl character in the movie “Monsters, Inc.”

    Another family friend who lives in the Newtown area told the Post that Caroline “was a spunky little girl. She had fire to her.” 

    Uncredited / AP

    Jessica Rekos, 6.

    Jessica Rekos was 6. 

    She was born in Danbury, Conn., to Richard and Krista Lehmann Rekos of Sandy Hook.

    “She was a creative, beautiful girl who loved playing with her little brothers, Travis and Shane,” her family said in a statement. As the firstborn, her family said, Jessica “started our family, and she was our rock. She had an answer for everything, she didn’t miss a trick, and she outsmarted us every time. We called her our little CEO for the way she carefully thought out and planned everything.”

    Jessica loved everything about horses, from reading horse books and drawing horses, to writing stories about horses, her family said in the statement from family friend Jamie Dunbar.

    “We cannot imagine our life without her. We are mourning her loss, sharing our beautiful memories we have of her, and trying to help her brother Travis understand why he can’t play with his best friend. We are devastated, and our hearts are with the other families who are grieving as we are.” 

    Avielle Richman was 6.

    Avielle, or Avie, as she was called, moved to Connecticut with her parents, Jennifer Hensel and Jeremy Richman, in 2011, according to an obituary at the Newtown Bee.

    “She was born with a spitfire personality, which continued as she grew into a lover and teller of stories,” the obit said. “She offered her heart to everyone. With an infectious smile and peals of laughter, people were drawn to her beautiful spirit, which will live on in all of our hearts.”

    She loved her friends, horseback riding, archery and “participating in super hero adventures,” the obit said.

    Benjamin Wheeler was 6.

    Ben was born in Manhattan, N.Y. and moved to Newtown with his parents, Francine and David Wheeler, and 9-year-old brother Nate, according to an obituary posted at the Newtown Bee.

    “Ben was an irrepressibly bright and spirited boy whose love of fun and excitement at the wonders of life and the world could rarely be contained,” the obituary said. “He was a devoted fan of his older brother, Nate, and the two of them together filled the house with the noise of four children.”

    According to the obit, Ben loved The Beatles, lighthouses and the number 7 train to Queens. He told his mother, Francine Wheeler, on Friday morning that he wanted to be an architect and also a paleontologist.

    Courtesy of Wyatt family

    Allison Wyatt, 6.

    "That's what Nate is going to be," he told his mom. "And I want to do everything Nate does."

    Allison N. Wyatt was 6.

    Allison, daughter of Cheyanne and Ben Wyatt, was a sweet girl and a budding artist who would turn parts of her family’s Newtown home into an art studio, according to a family statement.

    “Allison was a kind-hearted little girl who had a lot of love to give, and she formed special bonds with most people who spent any amount of time with her,” her family wrote. “She loved her family and teachers especially, but would often surprise us with random acts of kindness - once even offering her snacks to a complete stranger on a plane.” 

    She loved to laugh and was developing a sense of humor beyond being just a silly 6-year-old, her parents said, “coming up with observations that more than once had us crying with laughter.”

    A neighbor told the Connecticut Post that Allison would spend the summer outdoors, and that she often saw her gardening with her mother.

    “Allison made the world a better place for six, far too short years and we now have to figure out how to move on without her,” her family wrote. “Our world is a lot darker now that she’s gone.  We love and miss her so much.”

    Profiles compiled by Isolde Raftery and Andrew Mach of NBC News.

  • EXCLUSIVE: Susan Rice drops out of running for secretary of state, cites 'very politicized' confirmation process

    By Tracy Connor, NBC News

    Embattled U.N. envoy Susan Rice is dropping out of the running to be the next secretary of state after months of criticism over her Benghazi comments.

    “Today, I made the decision that it was the best thing for our country, for the American people that I not continue to be considered by the president for nomination of secretary of state,” Rice told NBC’s Brian Williams.

    “I didn’t want to see a confirmation process that was very prolonged, very politicized, very distracting and very disruptive because there are so many things we need to get done as a country and the first several months of a second term president’s agenda is really the opportunity to get the crucial things done.”

    Rice noted that President Obama’s second-term agenda included “comprehensive immigration reform, balanced deficit reduction, job creation.”

    She added, “And to the extent that my nomination could have delayed or distracted or deflected or maybe even some of these priorities impossible to achieve, I didn’t want that and I much prefer to keep doing what I’m doing which is a job I love at the United Nations.”

    The full interview with Rice will air on tonight’s “Rock Center With Brian Williams” at 10p/9c. Excerpts will also be broadcast on Nightly News at 6:30 pm ET.

    Obama said in a statement that he accepted her decision and regretted “the unfair and misleading attacks” on Rice, who was considered a front-runner to replace Hillary Clinton as the nation’s top foreign policy official.

    Criticism over remarks
    Rice has been under intense fire from Republicans for initially characterizing the Sept. 11 assault on the U.S. consulate in Benghazi, Libya, as a spur-of-the-moment response to a crude anti-Muslim film.


    “What happened in Benghazi was in fact initially a spontaneous reaction to what had just transpired hours before in Cairo, almost a copycat of the demonstrations against our facility in Cairo, which were prompted, of course, by the video,” Rice said on NBC’s “Meet the Press” five days after the attack.

    “Opportunistic extremist elements came to the consulate as this was unfolding. They came with heavy weapons, which unfortunately are readily available in post-revolutionary Libya, and it escalated into a much more violent episode.”

    As more details emerged suggesting it was a premeditated terrorist action, GOP critics accused Rice of misleading the public at the height of the presidential campaign.

    She countered that she went with the best information available about the attack, in which Ambassador Chris Stevens and three other Americans were killed.

    “I relied solely and squarely on the information provided to me by the intelligence community. I made clear that the information was preliminary and that our investigations would give us the definitive answers,” she said on Nov. 21 at the United Nations.

    By then, Obama had already expressed strong support for Rice, warning Sens. John McCain (R-Ariz.) and Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.) to stop slamming her and vowing to block her confirmation.

    “They should go after me,” he said at his first press conference after his re-election.

    Despite a series of closed-door meeting with Capitol Hill lawmakers to drum up support, Rice continued to face questions from senators key to her confirmation.

    After a Nov. 28 sitdown with Rice, Sen. Susan Collins (R-Maine) said she couldn’t yet endorse the veteran diplomat and raised a new point of concern: her role in protecting American embassies in Kenya and Nairobi that were bombed by terrorists in 1998.

    Sen. Bob Corker (R-Tenn.) suggested Rice was seen as too much of an Obama loyalist and the GOP preferred “someone of independence.”

    Attack on critics
    In her resignation letter to Obama, Rice took aim at her GOP critics.

    “The position of secretary of state should never be politicized,” she wrote.

    “As someone who grew up in an era of comparative bipartisanship and as a sitting U.S. national security official who has served in two U.S. Administrations, I’m saddened that we have reached this point, even before you have decided whom to nominate. We cannot afford such an irresponsible distraction from the most pressing issues facing the American people.”

    Obama praised Rice as “an extraordinarily capable, patriotic, and passionate public servant.”

    “While I deeply regret the unfair and misleading attacks on Susan Rice in recent weeks, her decision demonstrates the strength of her character, and an admirable commitment to rise above the politics of the moment to put our national interests first.”

    McCain and Graham, among Rice’s loudest critics, said they would continue to press the administration on Benghazi.

    “I respect Ambassador Rice’s decision,” Graham said in a statement. “President Obama has many talented people to choose from to serve as our next secretary of state.”

    The withdrawal leaves Sen. John Kerry (D-Mass.) as a possible candidate for the job, and Republicans have said he would have a smoother run.

    "I think John Kerry would be an excellent appointment and would be easily confirmed by his colleagues," Collins said last month.

    Rice, 48, has been the United States’ permanent representative to the United Nations since 2009, after serving as a senior advisor to the Obama campaign, working at the Brookings Institution and holding other diplomatic and national security positions dating back to 1993.

  • Rev. Dale Susan Edmonds answers your questions about caregiving

    It is difficult for families to talk about death and dying, but by proactively resolving complicated end-of-life issues it's possible to stave off future financial worries and stress. NBC's Dr. Nancy Snyderman reports.

    As our elderly relatives age, families grapple with all kinds of issues from end-of-life care to funeral costs.

    On Wednesday "NBC Nightly News" hosted an online chat with the Rev. Dale Susan Edmonds, a hospice chaplain and founder of the caregiving website Talk Early Talk Often

    Do you have questions about how to care for your aging loved ones? Do you have a caregiving plan in place? If you're wondering how to assess the needs of your elderly relatives, Edmonds offered tips below based on her experience working with the families of senior citizens.  

    To review a transcript of the chat, please click on the box below. 

    Please note, this chat was moderated. We answered as many questions as possible during the half-hour time frame. 

    For more on caregiving, please visit the AARP resource page, and learn more tonight during Part 2 of Nightly News' caregiving series. You can watch Part 1 here. 

    The Field family explains their approach to end-of-life conversations, and how they made difficult decisions about the future.

    Geriatric care manager Debbie Reinberg explains why children should have end-of-life talks with their parents and put their wishes in writing sooner rather than later.

  • ANALYSIS: 'Spoiled child' North Korea snubs key ally China with rocket test

    The international community is condemning North Korea's launch of a long-range rocket, with the US and its allies calling it a test of technology that Pyongyang would need to mount a nuclear warhead on a missile. NBC's Jim Miklaszewski reports.

    BEIJING - There was anger and dismay after North Korea launched a long-range rocket into orbit on Wednesday -- plenty of it in South Korea and Japan. There was also surprise.

    North Korea had warned of a possible delay to the launch for "technical reasons," although there was speculation that the real reason was political, that China was applying pressure behind the scenes. After all, Beijing had expressed "deep concern" over the test, and that is pretty strong for China, the North's closest diplomatic and economic ally.


    So Wednesday's test would seem to be an extraordinary snub to China, when it might be assumed that North Korea's new young leader, Kim Jong Un, would want to get off on a good footing with China's new Communist Party chief, Xi Jinping.

    North Korea watchers have been speculating that Kim is angling for an early audience with Xi, which so far has been denied.

    North Korea says it successfully launched controversial satellite into orbit

    KCNA via Reuters

    North Korean scientists work as a screen shows the Unha-3 (Milky Way 3) rocket being launched Wednesday.

    Launching a rocket in defiance of Beijing would hardly seem a great way of achieving it.

    Beijing's initial response was a masterful piece of diplomatic contortionism -- expressing "regret" and calling on Pyongyang to abide by U.N. Security Council resolutions, but at the same time making clear that China isn't about to back sanctions against the North.

    A Foreign Ministry spokesman called for a resumption of six-party talks, even though these have been widely discredited, and called for "all sides" to act calmly.

    There was anger, dismay and some surprise as North Korea launched a rocket in defiance of its critics abroad. NBC's Ian Williams reports from Beijing.

    North Korea claims US mainland within range of its missiles

    International talks are a big favorite of Beijing, which likes the role of diplomatic ringmaster.

    Pyongyang squandered the United States’ trust earlier this year after its April missile test torpedoed a February agreement with the Americans that would have traded U.S. food aid for a suspension of major elements of its nuclear program.

    So, what to make of North Korean-China relations? And what pressure is China willing and able to exert on North Korea?

    Despite the rocket launch’s international reverberations, Pyongyang's motive was largely domestic, according to Stephanie Kleine-Ahlbrandt of the International Crisis Group, a non-governmental organization that works to prevent deadly conflict around the world.

    The move was meant to boost the standing of the young Kim, who has not yet fully consolidated power, and whose credibility was damaged by the failure earlier this year of another attempt to put a satellite into orbit (a thinly disguised ballistic missile test in the view of the U.S. and her allies), she said.

    North Korea leader Kim Jong Un still a mystery, Leon Panetta says

    And it is fair to speculate that Kim was probably on the edge of his seat during the launch.

    "This definitely will be used heavily for internal propaganda in North Korea," Kleine-Ahlbrandt told NBC News. "It's certainly important in light of the failed rocket launch we saw in April."

    There have also been reports in the South Korean press (always to be taken with caution) that after purging his enemies, Kim himself  was feeling vulnerable, and had limited his travel outside of Pyongyang while beefing up security around his residences with armored vehicles.

    Pyongyang also probably wanted to show Beijing that it is not beholden to anybody, Kleine-Ahlbrandt said, which would seem like quite a high stakes game given the parlous state of the North Korean economy.

    Reuters TV

    A North Korean KRT TV presenter announces the successful launch in this still image taken from TV.

    North Korea: We found a unicorn lair

    So, how to read China’s reaction?

    “They could certainly do more to pressure Pyongyang,” Kleine-Ahlbrandt said. “And the West would certainly like to see them do that.”

    As Beijing prizes stability above all else and would not want to do anything that would further exacerbate tensions or hasten the demise of a fragile regime, China may have a longer-term goal in mind, she said. Beijing was probably intent on heading off another nuclear test, which the North has hinted at, and that would be seen internationally as a far graver development than Wednesday’s rocket launch.

    Yan Xuetong, the dean of the Institute of International Studies at Beijing’s Tsinghua University, had a more nuanced view of Chinese diplomacy.

    “If China wants to maintain its relatively large influence over North Korea, it has no choice but to adopt a different policy,” than the U.S., he told Reuters.

    China was likely as surprised as anybody else by the timing of the launch.

    If it is to step up pressure, Beijing is unlikely to publicize it actions. Its immediate aim has been to get the North to adopt Chinese-style economic reforms.

    Back in 2010, as part of the leak of the U.S. diplomatic cable, it was revealed that Chinese officials had described North Korea as a “spoiled child.”  That assessment is unlikely to have changed.

    More world stories from NBC News:

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  • Learn more about JP Aerospace

    A volunteer space program is making it possible for kids around the world to send their own science projects to the edge of space, sparking a new passion for outer space. NBC's Diana Alvear reports.

    Tonight "NBC Nightly News" profiled a volunteer space program in California that is helping kids from around the world send science projects to the edge of space. If you would like to learn more about JP Aerospace please visit their website

    The fifth grade class of Mather Heights Elementary School is on a mission. They're putting the finishing touches on their homemade science projects - housed in - before launching them to the edge of outer space. The class described their big ideas - in their own words - to NBC's Diana Alvear.



     

  • Caregivers neglect their own health in order to look after others

    Americans are living longer than ever before, which means baby boomers are doing double duty caring for both parents and children. NBC's Dr. Nancy Snyderman reports.

    Each morning, 48-year-old Troy Prater starts his day by getting breakfast for his teenage triplets. On weekdays he checks homework and then hurries them off to school. Then it’s back home to take care of his mom, Ella, who suffers from Alzheimer’s disease. Life, Prater says, “is organized chaos.” 

    Prater is among the millions of Americans who have stepped up to do the right thing and take care of family members who can’t take care of themselves. Unfortunately, most caregivers are spread so thin that they don’t have time to take care of their own needs, NBC's Dr. Nancy Snyderman reports.

    “Caregivers don’t go to the dentist; they don’t get mammograms or annual checkups,” says Melissa Gartenberg Livney, a clinical
    psychologist with the PENN Memory Center at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. “So they get sick.”

    Even worse, Livney says, “there’s some evidence that this kind of stress can contribute to the onset of dementia" which is why she and others are trying to encourage caregivers to get help, to find ways to take breaks, and to make and keep their own doctors’ appointments.

    A single father and sole caregiver to his mother suffering from Alzheimer's, Troy Prater is one of a growing number of caregivers providing care to two generations. 

    How many people have stepped up to take care of a family member?  

    One survey found that nearly one third of American households had someone serving as an unpaid family caregiver. That adds up to almost 40 million households with a caregiver present, according to the 2009 survey conducted by the National Alliance for Caregiving in conjunction with the AARP.

    Many of those caregivers are dealing with Alzheimer’s, which Livney says can be incredibly stressful.

    "Alzheimer's disease is 10 or 15 years of slow and steady loss of the person you once knew," she says. "Caregivers often suffer in silence and feel guilty when they don't feel up to the work."

    Currently, there are 5 million Americans who have been diagnosed with the disease, says Beth Kallmyer, vice president of constituent services at the Alzheimer’s Association. “And we estimate that there are 15 million people caring for them.”

    Unfortunately, the number of Alzheimer's patients is growing. The Alzheimer’s Association estimates that there will be 16 million Americans with the disease by mid-century if nothing changes. And that means there will be even more of us taking care of spouses and parents suffering from dementia.

    Prater, who juggles caregiving along with his normal responsibilities as a dad, acknowledges the dual roles can be very taxing.

    “I’m running on adrenaline,” he says. “I’ve lost quite a few pounds.”

    What's the answer to getting caregivers to care for themselves?

    People like Prater need to ask for help, Kallmyer says. But most seem to feel that caregiving is something they need to do on their own. And that's a setup for disaster, she says.

    “When you’re taking care of someone over a period of time, you can’t just soldier on,” Kallmyer says. “At some point your health will be impacted and that will keep you from being the best caregiver you can be. We often ask people, ‘If you get sick and land in the hospital then what is going to happen?’”

    Kallmyer suspects that the urge to go it alone is part of the American character. She’d like to see that change.

    So would Livney.

    "[Caregivers] need to allow themselves to not be perfect," she says.  

    They also need to learn to look after their own needs.

    “People need to give themselves permission to take care of themselves,” says Livney. “That’s what we focus on. We don’t spend much time talking about the disease and functional aspects of caring for someone with dementia. We try to help people understand how to take care of themselves."

    The Alzheimer's Association's Maria Carillo describes the difficulties the disease poses not only to those who suffer from it, but to caregivers. 

  • Pentagon: SEAL killed in rescue of doctor in Afghanistan was highly decorated

    A U.S .Navy SEAL is being praised as a fallen hero after he died during the rescue of an American doctor kidnapped by the Taliban in Afghanistan. NBC's Atia Abawi reports.

    Updated at 12:01 p.m. ET: The Pentagon on Monday identified the U.S. Navy SEAL who was killed in the rescue of an American doctor in Afghanistan as a highly-decorated 10-year veteran from Pennsylvania.

    U.S. Navy

    Navy Seal Nicolas D. Checque

    Twenty-eight-year-old Petty Officer 1st Class Nicolas D. Checque, of Monroeville, died Sunday of combat-related injuries sustained while supporting operations in Afghanistan, the Pentagon said in a release.

    Checque was assigned to an East Coast-based Naval Special Warfare command, the statement said. Checque had been awarded the Bronze Star, among many other commendations, the release said.

    The rescue operation was launched when coalition forces reported that Dr. Dilip Joseph was in imminent danger.

    Joseph, who worked with the non-profit Morning Star Development of Colorado Springs, was kidnapped Wednesday along with two Afghan staff members -- one is part of the medical team, the other part of the support team. Joseph has been the non-profit’s medical adviser for three years.


    Morning Star said the team of three had been returning from a visit to one of its rural medical clinics when the kidnappers stopped their vehicle. The three were then taken to a mountainous area about 50 miles from the Pakistan border, Morning Star said.

    Related: Kidnapped American rescued from Taliban, coalition says

    Contact between the hostages, their captors and the non-profit's crisis management team started immediately, according to a statement on Morning Star's website. On Saturday evening, two of the hostages were released. The two men then made their way out of the area and were taken to a police station.

    At least six people were reported killed in the operation to rescue Joseph, the third hostage. It is unclear whether that number includes the American soldier. Morning Star said the two staff members were released earlier.

    In a statement Sunday evening, President Barack Obama said: “Yesterday, our special operators in Afghanistan rescued an American citizen in a mission that was characteristic of the extraordinary courage, skill and patriotism that our troops show every day.”

    Two Taliban leaders were reportedly taken into custody.

    Defense Secretary Leon Panetta issued a statement Sunday evening commending the U.S. Special Operations that carried out the raid. He said he was deeply saddened by the SEAL’s death.

    “I also want to extend my condolences to his family, teammates and friends,” Panetta said

    /

    More than ten years after the beginning of the war, Afghanistan faces external pressure to reform as well as ongoing internal conflicts.

    Jim Miklaszewski is the chief Pentagon correspondent for NBC News.

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  • Mexican-American singer Jenni Rivera dies at 43 in plane crash

    Miguel Sierra / EPA

    Federal authorities inspect the site of the plane crash in El Tejote locality, Nuevo Leon State, Mexico, where Mexican-American singer Jenni Rivera along with six other people died as they were travelling from Monterrey, in northern Mexico, to Mexico City.

    Updated 11:05 p.m. ET: Mexican-American singer Jenni Rivera died in a plane crash Saturday night, her father and brother confirmed on Telemundo.

    "She never gave up and she was good to everyone," said her father, Pedro, about his daughter’s legacy outside of his home in Lakewood, Calif. 

    The wreckage of the plane was found Sunday in northern Mexico with no apparent survivors, authorities said.

    The wreckage was found in the Ejido La Colorada, Municipality of Nuevo Leon. Gerardo Ruiz Esparza, secretary of communications and transport, said that the plane was not recognizable, but the evidence suggested it was the aircraft carrying the singer, Telemundo reported.

    NBC Latino obituary: Jenni River dies at 43

    Jim Urquhart / Reuters file

    Singer Jenni Rivera, seen here during the Sundance Film Festival in Park City, Utah, in January, was aboard a plane that went missing shortly after leaving the northern Mexican city of Monterrey early Sunday.

    Officials said Rivera's Learjet went off the radar about 62 miles from Monterrey after taking off at 3:15 a.m. local time. 

    The National Transportation Safety Board dispatched investigators to assist the government of Mexico in its investigation of the crash.


    Rivera was heading for the city of Toluca in central Mexico after a concert in Monterrey on Saturday night. The singer, two pilots and four other passengers were aboard, Mexican officials said.

    Jorge Domene, spokesman for Nuevo Leon's government told Milenio television that civilian agency helicopters flew over the state searching for the plane. The missing included her publicist, lawyer, makeup artist and the flight crew, the ministry of transportation and communication said in a statement.

    In a photo posted on her Twitter account on Friday, Jenni Rivera can be seen referencing her concert in Monterrey. In the photo she is seen holding up a sign with the words, "Nos Vemos este 7 en Colima, 8-en Monterrey. I love you!"  Translation: "See you this 7th in Colima, 8 in Monterrey."

    Born in Long Beach, Calif., to Mexican immigrant parents, Rivera has sold some 15 million records in her career and won several awards and Grammy nominations, her website said.

    The 43-year-old mother of five is renowned as an exponent of the Nortena and banda regional musical styles. 

    AP

    Jenni Rivera's driving license is seen of the ground at the crash site where a plane allegedly carrying Rivera crashed near Iturbide, Mexico, Dec. 9.

    The so-called "Diva of the Banda" recently won two Billboard Mexican Music Awards: Female Artist of the Year and Banda Album of the Year for "Joyas prestadas: Banda." Her famous songs include "La Gran Senora" and "De Contrabando."   

    The singer, businesswoman and actress appeared in the movie "Filly Brown," as the incarcerated mother of Filly Brown, and has her own reality shows including "I Love Jenni" and "Jenni Rivera Presents: Chiquis and Raq-C" and her daughter's "Chiquis `n Control."

    Rivera had given a concert before thousands of fans in Monterrey on Saturday night. After the concert she gave a press conference during which she spoke of her emotional state following her recent divorce from baseball player Esteban Loaiza.   

    "I can't get caught up in the negative because that destroys you. Perhaps trying to move away from my problems and focus on the positive is the best I can do. I am a woman like any other and ugly things happen to me like any other women," she said Saturday night, according to The Associated Press. "The number of times I have fallen down is the number of times I have gotten up."   

    A plane carrying Jenni Rivera, a popular singer from California, went missing in Mexico Saturday night. The 43-year-old mother of five is renowned for Nortena and banda music. NBC's Miguel Almaguer reports.

    The mother and grandmother had announced in October that she was divorcing Loaiza after two years of marriage. It was her third marriage. 

    Rivera is the sister of Mexican singer Lupillo Rivera.

    Celebrities tweeted about Rivera's disappearance.

    "OMG! Just heard about @jennirivera Praying for her and her family during this difficult & uncertain time!" Gloria Estefan tweeted.

    Reuters and The Associated Press contributed to this story.

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  • Making a Difference: three nonprofits report a spike in donations

    As a result of coverage on 'Nightly News,' three nonprofits are reporting that they received far more donations than normal. NBC's Katy Tur reports.

    Three organizations profiled during NBC Nightly News' Making a Difference series said they've raised far more in donations that they typically do as a result of Nightly's coverage. If you'd like to take a look at the original stories, we've re-posted them below along with links to the organizations' websites. 

    One Simple Wish is an organization that grants wishes to foster children. 

    An organization called One Simple Wish has granted the wishes of more than 3000 foster children, providing a small piece of joy to kids still in need of a permanent family. NBC's Anne Thompson reports.

    The Starkey Hearing Foundation assists those with hearing loss.

     

    Stephanie Montalvo has been legally deaf since birth, but the 15-year-old is now able to hear -- thanks to an organization that helps kids get hearing devices their families would not ordinarily be able to afford. NBC's Chelsea Clinton reports.

    And the Graybeards are raising money for the victims of Hurricane Sandy.

    A group of firefighters, cops, executives and others who have made it their mission help even when they're off duty, are raising money for the victims of Hurricane Sandy. NBC's Katy Tur reports.

     

  • US Supreme Court to take up same-sex marriage issue

    Just a day after Washington became the latest state to allow gay couples to marry, the U.S. Supreme Court will take a serious look at same-sex marriage for the first time ever. NBC's Pete Williams reports.

    The U.S. Supreme Court agreed Friday to take its first serious look at the issue of gay marriage, granting review of California's ban on same-sex marriage and of a federal law that defines marriage as only the legal union of a man and a woman.

    At the very least, the court will look at this question: When states choose to permit the marriages of same-sex couples, can the federal government refuse to recognize their validity?  But by also taking up the California case, the court could get to the more fundamental question of whether the states must permit marriages by gay people in the first place.


    The California case involves a challenge to Proposition 8, a constitutional amendment approved by 52 percent of voters in 2008.  It banned same-sex marriages in the state and went into effect after 18,000 couples were legally married earlier that year.

    A federal judge declared the ban unconstitutional, and a federal appeals court upheld that ruling, though on narrower grounds that apply only to California.  Now that the Supreme Court is wading into the battle, the justices could decide the more basic issue of whether any state can ban same-sex marriage under the Constitution's guarantee of equal protection of the law.  Or they could limit their ruling to apply only to the ban in California.

    Recommended: O'Malley touts same-sex marriage - with signing photo and 'contribute' button

    Nine states and the District of Columbia have moved to permit same-sex marriage or soon will — Connecticut, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont, and Washington. 

    Chip Somodevilla / Getty Images file

    Same-sex marriage proponent Kat McGuckin of Oaklyn, New Jersey, holds a gay marriage pride flag while standing in front of the Supreme Court Nov. 30, 2012 in Washington, DC.

    The Supreme Court also agreed Friday to hear a challenge to the federal Defense of Marriage Act, known as DOMA, passed by overwhelming margins in both houses of Congress in 1996 and signed by President Clinton.  A provision of the law specifies that, for federal purposes, "the word 'marriage' means only a legal union between one man and one woman as husband and wife."

    Congress acted out of concern that a 1993 state court decision in Hawaii, which held that the state could not deny marriage licenses to same sex couples, might force other states to recognize gay marriage.  As it turned out, Hawaii did not adopt same-sex marriage.

    Because of DOMA, gay couples who wed in the nine states where same-sex marriage is permitted are considered legally married only under state law.  The federal government is barred from recognizing their marriages.  As a result, they are denied over 1,000 federal benefits that are available to traditional couples.

    After first supporting DOMA in court, the Obama administration concluded last year that it violated the Constitution's guarantee of equal protection under the law.

    "We cannot defend the federal government poking its nose into what states are doing and putting the thumb on the scale against same-sex couples," President Obama said in explaining the change.

    Recommended: In lame duck session, positioning begins for immigration debate in 2013

    Gay married couples in five states filed lawsuits challenging DOMA as an unconstitutional denial of their right to equal protection.  After the Obama Justice Department declined to defend the law, House Republicans stepped in to carry on the legal fight.

    NBC's Pete Williams reports on the Supreme Court's decision to take up two cases dealing with DOMA and California's Prop 8.

    Defenders of DOMA argue that the law helps preserve traditional marriage.

    "Unions of two men or two women are not the same thing as a marriage between a man and a woman. And only marriage between a man and a woman can connect children to their mother and father and their parents to the children," says Brian Brown of the National Organization for Marriage.

    A Supreme Court decision striking down the Defense of Marriage Act would not, by itself, require states to allow same-sex marriages.  But the federal government would be required to recognize those marriages in the states where they are legal.

    The cases will be argued before the justices in March, with a decision expected by late June.

  • Defense chief: Intel 'raises serious concerns' about Syria chemical weapons

    The world is watching Syria very closely, worried that a desperate Bashir al-Assad might use his chemical weapons against his own people or his neighbors. The U.S. and other nations have warned Assad against launching a chemical attack, but they consider a preemptive strike against Assad's weapons to be high-risk. NBC's Andrea Mitchell reports.

    U.S. Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta said Thursday that intelligence about Syrian chemical weapons "raises serious concerns" that the regime of Bashar Assad may use them against the country's own citizens.


    "The whole world is watching, the whole world is watching very closely," Panetta said. "And the president of the United States has made it very clear, there will be consequences — there will be consequences if the Assad regime makes the terrible mistake by using these chemical weapons on their own people."

    His comments came a day after U.S. officials told NBC News that the Syrian military had loaded the precursor chemicals for sarin, a deadly nerve gas, into aerial bombs that could be dropped from dozens of fighter-bombers. The defense chief, who was speaking at a news conference at the Department of Veterans Affairs, would not elaborate on what the potential consequences would be. 


    A member of the regime in Damascus, however, dismissed the assertions Thursday, saying he feared the United States and other Western powers could be trying to find a "pretext for intervention" in Syria's civil war, Reuters reported.

    Sarin is an extraordinarily lethal agent. Iraqi President Saddam Hussein's forces killed 5,000 Kurds with a single sarin attack on Halabja in 1988.

    Assad's deputy foreign minister Faisal Maqdad said Thursday that they would never kill Syrians with chemical weapons, dismissing the Western intelligence reports as "theater."

    "Syria stresses again, for the tenth, the hundredth time, that if we had such weapons, they would not be used against its people. We would not commit suicide," Maqdad said, according a Reuters report that cited his comments on Lebanon's Al Manar television, the voice of the pro-Assad Hezbollah movement.

    "In fact, we fear a conspiracy ... by the United States and some European states, which might have supplied such weapons to terrorist organizations in Syria, in order to claim later that Syria is the one that used these weapons," he added.

    "We fear there is a conspiracy to provide a pretext for any subsequent interventions in Syria by these countries that are increasing pressure on Syria," he said.

    Aref Hretani / Reuters

    Children run along a street damaged by what activists said was a Syrian Air Force airstrike in the Aleppo district of Salaheddine on Wednesday.

     

    Panetta echos Obama 'red line' warning
    "The intelligence we have raises serious concerns"  that Damascus was considering using chemical weapons, Panetta said Thursday.

    "Without commenting on the specific intelligence ... we remain very concerned, very concerned that as the opposition advances, in particular on Damascus, that the regime might very well consider the use of chemical weapons." 

    A group of United States senators, including John McCain, discuss reports that the Syrian government has begun to prepare chemical weapons.

    Obama and other NATO leaders have warned that using chemical weapons would cross a red line and have consequences, which they have not specified.

    Four U.S. Senators on Thursday urged President Obama to send a strong message to Assad.

    "We urge the President of the United States to make whatever military preparations are necessary to show Assad that the United States is fully willing and able to impose the consequences that he has spoken of in the event these weapons are used," said Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz), speaking first. "For deterrence to work it must be based on a credible threat."

    He appeared with Sen. Joseph Lieberman (I-Conn.), Sen. Chris Coons (D-Del.) and Sen. Lindsay Graham (R-S.C.).

    "We are all saying to President Obama, who has stated that there will be drastic consequences for Assad and his government if they use chemical and biological weapons, we’re with you," said Lieberman. "There’s strong support across Congress if the president takes the strong action that’s necessary to prevent a very, very — historically horrific — humanitarian disaster in Syria. 

    There are limited options for military intervention by the United States in Syria. It has one of the most robust air defense systems in the world — supplied by key ally Russia — but one option could be sending cruise missiles to attack regime targets.

    Pentagon sources tell NBC News that the Syrian military is awaiting final orders to launch chemical weapons against its own people after precursor chemicals for deadly sarin gas were loaded into aerial bombs. NBC's Jim Miklaszewski reports.

    Germany's cabinet approved stationing Patriot anti-missile batteries on Turkey's border with Syria, a step requiring deployment of NATO troops that Syria fears could permit the imposition of a no-fly zone over its territory.

    Slideshow: Syria uprising
    Syria loads chemical weapons into bombs; military awaits Assad's order
    Syria regime 'reeling, armed to the teeth' with chemical weapons
    More weapons in Syria could trigger 'all-out war'

    The 20-month-old battle between Assad and opposition forces has claimed more than 40,000 lives.

    U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton met in Dublin on Thursday with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and international Syria mediator Lakhdar Brahimi to try to restart a U.N. peace process for Syria. Prior to the meeting, she said she expected to raise the chemical weapons threat.

    Watch World News videos on NBCNews.com

    Clinton has said that in addition to the possible use of chemical bombs by "an increasingly desperate" Assad, Washington was concerned about the government losing control of such weapons to extreme Islamist armed groups among the rebel forces.

    Secretary of State Hillary Clinton echoed President Obama's recent vow to take action if Syrian President Bashar Assad uses chemical weapons during the ongoing clashes within his country. U.S. officials are also concerned about the rising influence of extremist groups within Syria. NBC's Andrea Mitchell reports.

    U.S. officials said Washington was considering blacklisting Jabhat al-Nusra, an influential rebel group accused by other rebels of indiscriminate tactics that has advocated an Islamic state in Syria and is suspected to have ties to al-Qaida.

    In other developments reported by Reuters:

    • Syrian state TV said a\n explosion in front of the Damascus headquarters of the Syrian Arab Red Crescent killed at least one person on Thursday.
    • Activists said the army pummeled several eastern suburbs of Damascus, where the rebels are dominant, with artillery and mortar fire. The suburbs have been cut off from the city's water and electricity for weeks, rebels say, accusing the government of collective punishment.
    • Rebels say they have surrounded an air base two-and-a-half miles from the center of Damascus, a fresh sign the battle is closing in on the Syrian capital.
    • Rebels said they were battling soldiers on the road to Damascus International Airport, 12 miles out of the capital, where several airlines have canceled flights due to security concerns.

    Maqdad, in his interview on Thursday, argued that reports of such advances were untrue. "What is sad is that foreign countries believe these repeated rumors," he said. Rebel and state claims about the military situation cannot be verified independently. But residents inside the capital say the sound of shelling on the outskirts has become a constant backdrop. 

    Reuters contributed to this report.

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  • EXCLUSIVE: US, NATO behind 'insecurity' in Afghanistan, Karzai says

    Watch Atia Abawi's full, exclusive interview with Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai in which he discusses the "growing perception" that insecurity in the region is caused by the United States and some of its allies who "promoted lawlessness" and "corruption" in Afghanistan.

    Updated at 9:43 a.m. ET: KABUL, Afghanistan - Afghan President Hamid Karzai sharply criticized the United States in an exclusive interview with NBC News on Thursday, blaming American and NATO forces for some of the growing insecurity in his country. 

    "Part of the insecurity is coming to us from the structures that NATO and America created in Afghanistan," Karzai said during a one-on-one interview at the presidential palace. However, he also acknowledged that much of the country's violence was caused by insurgent groups. 


    The Taliban are regaining land and power lost after they were toppled by U.S.-backed forces in 2001. Meanwhile, Karzai has gone from being a favorite of Washington under the presidency of George W. Bush, to a thorn in the White House's side with his criticism of American night raids and mounting civilian casualties at the hands of NATO troops. Many in Washington have also grown weary of Karzai, viewing him as ineffective and presiding over a deeply corrupt government.

    After 10 years of Karzai's rule, has life improved in Afghanistan?

    Karzai, who is serving his second five-year term, also told NBC News that he had sent a letter to President Barack Obama saying that Afghanistan would not sign any new security agreements with the United States until hundreds of prisoners held in U.S. custody were transferred to Afghan authorities.

    His criticism of the United States, Afghanistan's most important ally, has come after the start of complex bilateral talks on a security pact on the role the United States would play after most of its troops are withdrawn by the end of 2014.

    Karzai said the inmates in American detention in Afghanistan were being held in breach of an agreement he and Obama signed in March and must be handed over immediately.   

    /

    More than ten years after the beginning of the war, Afghanistan faces external pressure to reform as well as ongoing internal conflicts.

    "We signed the strategic partnership agreement with the expectation and the hope ... the nature of the United States' activities in Afghanistan will change," Karzai said.  But American behavior had not changed, he said, adding that terrorism would not be defeated "by attacking Afghan villages and Afghan homes."

    PhotoBlog: Relentless Afghan conflict leaves traumatized generation

    The dispute between the two countries centers around Bagram Air Base and a nearby detention facility, which have long been seen as a symbol of American impunity and disrespect by many Afghans. 

    "I have written to President Obama that the Afghan people will not allow its government to enter into a security agreement, while the United States continues to violate Afghan sovereignty and Afghan loss," he said.

    Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai had harsh words for the U.S. during an exclusive interview with NBC's Atia Abawi.

    During the interview, Karzai also said that he didn't think al-Qaida "has a presence in Afghanistan."

    He added: "I don’t even know if al-Qaida exists as an organization as it is being spoken about. So all we know is that we have insecurity."

    Newlywed beheaded for her refusal to become a prostitute

    In the wake of the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, the United States led the invasion to topple the Taliban, which was harboring al-Qaida and its then-leader, Osama bin Laden. While weakened, especially after the death of bin Laden at the hands of U.S. special forces in Pakistan in 2011, al-Qaida is still thought to have strong links with the Taliban and other Afghan insurgents.

    Karzai said Afghans were thankful to foreign forces for being "liberated" in 2001, but complained that since then his countrymen had suffered the most in the fight against extremism.

    Panetta: US foresees 'enduring presence' to fight al-Qaida in Afghanistan

    "In the name of the war on terror the Afghan people have paid the greatest price of any.  That has not been recognized," he said.

    While there have been more than 2,000 American military casualties since the invasion of Afghanistan, civilians have borne the brunt of the violence.  In the first six months of 2012 alone, more than 3,000 civilians were killed or injured, according the United Nations.  This number was down 15 percent from a year earlier. Anti-government and coalition insurgents were responsible for 80 percent of the civilian casualties, the U.N. says.

    Karzai also addressed the issue of graft during the interview, saying there was "no doubt that there is corruption in Afghanistan." 

    As Taliban regroup, victims battle for 'free' Afghanistan

    In an exclusive interview with NBC's Atia Abawi, Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai says that the U.S. is not sticking to a signed agreement between their two countries.

    "The bigger corruption is the corruption in contracts," he added. "The contracts are not issued by the Afghan government.  The contracts are issued by the international community, mainly by the United States."

    In 2010, the country received $6.4 billion in official development assistance, representing more than 40 percent of its gross domestic product, according to humanitarian news site AlertNet. Two-thirds of the funds aren't channeled through the government because of concerns about corruption and the government's ability to use the money properly, AlertNet added.

    Afghanistan is tied with Somalia and North Korea at the bottom of Transparency International’s Corruption Perception Index 2012. A 2012 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime report estimated that Afghans paid $2.5 billion in bribes over 12 months, which is equivalent to almost a quarter of the country’s GDP.

    Kevin Frayer / AP

    In southern Afghanistan, the focus of the U.S. war effort, nearly all the Afghan soldiers are foreigners too. Photographer Kevin Frayer shows these soldiers in a series of portraits.

    The international community had fostered graft to keep the Afghan state weak, Karzai said.

    "I've come to believe (that) ... corruption comes from the United States through contracts and through the corruption in both systems," he said, adding that the "perception of corruption is deliberate to render the Afghan government exploitable, to weaken it," he said. "This is something that I have began to believe in firmly now after the experiences that I've gained in ... working on this issue."

    NBC News' F. Brinley Bruton and Kiko Itasaka contributed to this report.

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  • Learn how to help with 'one simple wish'

    Tonight NBC's Anne Thompson profiled One Simple Wish, an organization that's making a difference by granting wishes to foster children. If you're interested in helping, please visit their website, www.onesimplewish.org, where potential donors can register and search a database to choose the wish they'd like to grant. 

    For more, watch the "Nightly News" story and extended interview below. 

    An organization called One Simple Wish has granted the wishes of more than 3000 foster children, providing a small piece of joy to kids still in need of a permanent family. NBC's Anne Thompson reports.

    Danielle Gletow on what inspired her to establish One Simple Wish, an organization that grants wishes for foster children.

  • Deaf football team brings motivation to the field

    From Fremont, Calif., 19 players and the coach on this small football team have brought grit and motivation to the field, using color coded signs and their own language to communicate. NBC's Mike Taibbi reports.

    By Mike Taibbi, NBC News correspondent

    It sounds like one of those “Hoosiers” stories: a small high school with undersized players and not even enough of those to fill out a full squad goes all the way! But the story of the 2012 CSD Eagles is better than that.

    That’s because ‘CSD’ stands for “California School for the Deaf.”

    Yep … all 19 players on the Eagles squad in Freemont, Calif., and head coach Warren Keller, are deaf.

    Think of it: Anyone who’s ever played or watched football knows that what often separates failure and mayhem from progress and escape is sound. The signals that are called, or changed at the last second:  the imminent arrival of an oncoming tackler, the exhortations and warnings of teammates and coaches.

    But the Eagles found a way to turn deafness into an asset. Using sign language and big color-coded sideline boards, they communicated instantaneously with each other in a language that was natural to them but incomprehensible to every public school opponent who took the field against them.

    And they preached speed in practice and during the actual games -- each snap no more than seven seconds from the referee’s spot of the ball. Talk about a quick strike offense -- opposing coaches found themselves mystified by the voiceless whirlwind of these smaller, quicker players who racked up 329 points in 11 games.

    Said one opposing coach, “They can talk to each other and don’t have to create a new language. As a matter of fact, we may be at a disadvantage.”

    And you have to appreciate the sports-as-a-laboratory-for-life part of this story. As coach Keller put it, “We want to prepare these kids the best we can for the rest of their lives.  No matter how hard we push them, we want to prepare them for real  life.”

    It goes without saying that real life is tough enough, growing up deaf. Overcoming that deficit takes extra work that never ends.

    It can seem like a burden, an unfair burden; but the Eagles coaches not only convinced their players to adopt the simplest of mottos: "Hard Work!" They showed the rewards available for anyone who bought in, over the course of a single season’s worth of football games.

    The kids brought motivation to the field, from their own histories.  

    “They think we’re nothing,” generalized linebacker Johnny Morales of the Eagles’ opponents. "That we can’t beat them.  And they have big egos.”

    “And then we shock them,” said receiver Zane Peterson, “when they realize deaf people can play.”

    And win.

    They were victorious in 10 games this season, all but two against public schools. League champions. Finalists for a special citation in Sports Illustrated’s “Sportsman of the Year” awards. All for young athletes who’d learned that proving their mettle and equality with the hearing world on the field of play can carry over for a lifetime.

    “What happens on the football field applies in real life,” said defensive back Trace Martin.   

    Johnny Morales added, “I’ll always remember playing football here, of course I will. It’s gonna help me be a better man.”  

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